Evaluation of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity potential of synthetic diacetyl food flavoring in silico, in vivo, and in vitro.

Autor: Salama M; Preventive Medicine Dept, Health Affairs Directorate, Ministry of Health, Ataba, 11511, Cairo, Egypt., Mohammed DM; Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt., Fahmy K; Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shoubra, 11241, Cairo, Egypt., Al-Senosy NK; Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shoubra, 11241, Cairo, Egypt., Ebeed NM; Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shoubra, 11241, Cairo, Egypt., Farouk A; Flavour and Aroma Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt. Electronic address: af.mansour@nrc.sci.eg.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association [Food Chem Toxicol] 2023 Aug; Vol. 178, pp. 113923. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 01.
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113923
Abstrakt: Diacetyl is a common ingredient that creates a buttery flavor in baked goods and other food products. The cytotoxic impact of diacetyl on a normal human liver cell line (THLE2) indicated an IC 50 value of 41.29 mg/ml through MTT assay and a cell cycle arrest in the G 0 /G 1 phase relative to the control. Administration of diacetyl at two-time points (acute-chronic) led to a significant increase in DNA damage indicated by the increase in tail length, tail DNA%, and tail moment. The mRNA and protein expression levels of genes in the rats' livers were then measured using real-time PCR and western blotting. The results showed an activation of the apoptotic and necrosis mechanism, with an upregulation of p53, Caspase 3, and RIP1 and a downregulation of Bcl-2 at the mRNA level. The ingestion of diacetyl disrupted the liver's oxidant/antioxidant balance, as evidenced by alterations in levels of GSH, SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, MDA, NO, and peroxynitrite. Additionally, heightened levels of inflammatory cytokines were shown. Histopathological examinations revealed necrotic foci and congested portal areas in the rats' liver cells after treatment with diacetyl. Diacetyl may interact moderately with Caspase, RIP1, and p53 core domain through In-silico, possibly resulting in upregulated gene expression.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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