Post-traumatic stress syndromes following childbirth influenced by birth mode-is an emergency cesarean section worst?

Autor: Hüner B; Department for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Prittwitzstraße 43, 89075, Ulm, Germany. beate.huener@uniklinik-ulm.de., Friedl T; Department for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Prittwitzstraße 43, 89075, Ulm, Germany., Schütze S; Department for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Prittwitzstraße 43, 89075, Ulm, Germany., Polasik A; Department for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Prittwitzstraße 43, 89075, Ulm, Germany., Janni W; Department for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Prittwitzstraße 43, 89075, Ulm, Germany., Reister F; Department for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Prittwitzstraße 43, 89075, Ulm, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Archives of gynecology and obstetrics [Arch Gynecol Obstet] 2024 Jun; Vol. 309 (6), pp. 2439-2446. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 01.
DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07114-5
Abstrakt: Purpose: The experience of birth is an emotional challenge for women. Traumatic birth experiences can cause psychological stress symptoms up to post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), with impact on women's wellbeing. Primarily unplanned interventions can trigger birth-mode-related traumatization. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether an emergency cesarean section (ECS) is the most traumatizing.
Methods: A retrospective case-control study was undertaken. Therefore, data were collected by standardized questionnaires (Impact of Event Scale-Revised and City Birth Trauma Scale) that were sent to women with singleton pregnancies > 34 weeks of gestation who either give birth by ECS (case group, n = 139), unplanned cesarean section (UCS), operative vaginal birth (OVB), or natural birth (NB) (three control groups, n = 139 each). The investigation period was 5 years.
Results: Overall, 126 of 556 (22%) sent questionnaires were returned and could be analyzed (32 ECS, 38 UCS, 36 OVB, and 20 NB). In comparison to other birth modes, women with ECS were associated with a higher degree of traumatization as revealed by statistically significant differences regarding the DSM-5 criteria intrusion and stressor. In addition, women who underwent ECS declared more frequently a demand for professional debriefing compared to other birth modes.
Discussion: ECS is associated with more post-traumatic stress symptoms compared to other birth modes. Therefore, early interventions are recommended to reduce long-term psychological stress reactions. In addition, outpatient follow-ups by midwives or emotional support programs should be implemented as an integral component of postpartum debriefings.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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