A billion years arms-race between viruses, virophages, and eukaryotes.
| Autor: | Barreat JGN; Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom., Katzourakis A; Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | ELife [Elife] 2023 Jun 26; Vol. 12. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 26. |
| DOI: | 10.7554/eLife.86617 |
| Abstrakt: | Bamfordviruses are arguably the most diverse group of viruses infecting eukaryotes. They include the Nucleocytoplasmic Large DNA viruses (NCLDVs), virophages, adenoviruses, Mavericks and Polinton-like viruses. Two main hypotheses for their origins have been proposed: the 'nuclear-escape' and 'virophage-first' hypotheses. The nuclear-escape hypothesis proposes an endogenous, Maverick -like ancestor which escaped from the nucleus and gave rise to adenoviruses and NCLDVs. In contrast, the virophage-first hypothesis proposes that NCLDVs coevolved with protovirophages; Mavericks then evolved from virophages that became endogenous, with adenoviruses escaping from the nucleus at a later stage. Here, we test the predictions made by both models and consider alternative evolutionary scenarios. We use a data set of the four core virion proteins sampled across the diversity of the lineage, together with Bayesian and maximum-likelihood hypothesis-testing methods, and estimate rooted phylogenies. We find strong evidence that adenoviruses and NCLDVs are not sister groups, and that Mavericks and Mavirus acquired the rve-integrase independently. We also found strong support for a monophyletic group of virophages (family Lavidaviridae ) and a most likely root placed between virophages and the other lineages. Our observations support alternatives to the nuclear-escape scenario and a billion years evolutionary arms-race between virophages and NCLDVs. Competing Interests: JB, AK No competing interests declared (© 2023, Barreat and Katzourakis.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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