Distinct adaptations of endocrine and cognitive functions may contribute to high variability in long-term weight loss outcome after bariatric surgery.

Autor: Lammert M; Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Centre, IFB Adiposity Diseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Centre, Collaborative Research Centre 1052-A5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Medawar E; Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Hartmann H; Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Centre, Collaborative Research Centre 1052-A5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland., Grasser L; Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Centre, IFB Adiposity Diseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Dietrich A; Department of Obesity, Metabolic and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstraße 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Fenske W; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany., Horstmann A; Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Centre, IFB Adiposity Diseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Centre, Collaborative Research Centre 1052-A5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. Electronic address: annette.horstmann@helsinki.fi.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Physiology & behavior [Physiol Behav] 2023 Oct 01; Vol. 269, pp. 114279. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 24.
DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114279
Abstrakt: Background: Bariatric surgery has been widely recognized as the most efficient long-term treatment method in severe obesity, yet therapy success shows considerable interindividual variability. Postoperative metabolic adaptations, including improved gut hormone secretion (GLP-1, PYY and ghrelin), and restored executive function may play an explanatory role in weight loss, yet causes for poor success in individual patients remain unknown. This study investigates gut-hormonal and cognitive characteristics in extreme weight loss responders to bariatric surgery.
Methods: Patients (n = 47) with high or low excessive weight loss (EWL) at least 2 years after Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy were allocated into good responders (GR, EWL 82.4 ± 11.6%) and poor responders (PR, EWL 24.0 ± SD 12.8%) to study differences in postprandial secretion of GLP-1, PYY, ghrelin and in working memory (WM).
Results: Mean BMI was 47.1 ± 6.2 kg/m² in PR (n = 21) and 28.9 ± 3.1 kg/m² in GR (n = 26, p < 0.001). Fasted GLP-1 and PYY were comparable for GR and PR (p > 0.2) and increased strongly after a standardized test meal (300 kcal liquid meal) with a peak at 15 to 30 min. The increase was stronger in GR compared to PR (GLP-1, PYY: Time x Group p < 0.05). Plasma ghrelin levels already differed between groups at fasted state, showing significantly higher levels for GR (p < 0.05). Postprandially, ghrelin secretion was suppressed in both groups, but suppression was higher in GR (Time x Group p < 0.05). GR showed significantly higher WM scores than PR (p < 0.05). Postprandial ghrelin (iAUC), but not GLP-1 or PYY plasma levels, significantly mediated the relationship between EWL and a WM subscore (IS score, CI = 0.07 - 1.68), but not WM main score (MIS score, CI = -0.07 - 1.54), in mediation analyses.
Conclusion: Excess weight loss success after bariatric surgical procedures is associated with distinct profiles of gut-hormones at fasted and postprandial state, and differences in working memory. Better working memory performance in GR might be mediated by higher postprandial reduction in ghrelin plasma levels. Future studies need to integrate longitudinal data, larger samples and more sensitive cognitive tests.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors report no conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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