Population genetic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity of Ambrosia artemisiifolia under different nitrogen levels.

Autor: Xiong Y; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China.; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China., Oduor AMO; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China.; Department of Applied Biology, Technical University of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya., Zhao C; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America [Ecol Appl] 2024 Jan; Vol. 34 (1), pp. e2903. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 30.
DOI: 10.1002/eap.2903
Abstrakt: Rapid adaptive evolution and phenotypic plasticity are two mechanisms that often underlie invasiveness of alien plant species, but whether they can co-occur within invasive plant populations under altered environmental conditions such as nitrogen (N) enrichment has seldom been explored. Latitudinal clines in plant trait responses to variation in environmental factors may provide evidence of local adaptation. Here, we inferred the relative contributions of phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation to the performance of the invasive plant Ambrosia artemisiifolia under different soil N levels, using a common garden approach. We grew A. artemisiifolia individuals raised from seeds that were sampled from six invasive populations along a wide latitudinal cline in China (23°42' N to 45°43' N) under three N (0, 5, and 10 g N m -2 ) levels in a common garden. Results show significant interpopulation genetic differentiation in plant height, number of branches, total biomass, and transpiration rate of the invader A. artemisiifolia across the N treatments. The populations also expressed genetic differentiation in basal diameter, growth rate, leaf area, seed width, root biomass, aboveground biomass, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO 2 concentration regardless of N treatments. Moreover, plants from different populations of the invader displayed plastic responses in time to first flower, hundred-grain weight, net photosynthetic rate, and relative biomass allocation to roots and shoots and seed length under different N treatments. Additionally, individuals of A. artemisiifolia from higher latitudes grew shorter and allocated less biomass to the roots regardless of N treatment, while latitudinal cline (or lack thereof) in other traits depended on the level of N in which the plants were grown. Overall, these results suggest that rapid adaptive evolution and phenotypic plasticity in the various traits that we quantified may jointly contribute to invasiveness of A. artemisiifolia under different levels of N availability. More broadly, the results support the idea that phenotypic plasticity and rapid adaptive evolution can jointly enable invasive plants to colonize a wide range of environmental conditions.
(© 2023 The Ecological Society of America.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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