Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among health workers in India: a case control study.

Autor:	George LS; Department of Community Medicine, Amrita School of Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, India.; Scientist E, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India., Tomy C; Department of Community Medicine, Amrita School of Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, India., Retnakumar C; Department of Community Medicine, Amrita School of Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, India., Narlawar U; Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Nagpur, India., Bhardwaj P; Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India., Krishnan J; Apollo Speciality Hospitals, Chennai, India., Rao RLL; Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, India., Patel P; Community Medicine Department, Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research, Surat, India., Bilimale AS; School of Public Health and Department of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, Mysuru, Karnataka, India., Baby P; Department of Microbiology, Amrita School of Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, India., Mathew MM; Department of Community Medicine, Amrita School of Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, India., Cassini A; World Health Organization (Switzerland), Geneva, Switzerland., Simniceanu A; World Health Organization (Switzerland), Geneva, Switzerland., Yin M; World Health Organization (Switzerland), Geneva, Switzerland., Allegranzi B; World Health Organization (Switzerland), Geneva, Switzerland., Ahmad M; WHO Country Office, Delhi, India., Rahman A; Indira Gandhi Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur, India., Mohiuddin SA; Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, India., Thakre S; SN Medical College, Jodhpur, India., Bhansali SS; Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, India., Vohra R; SRM Institutes for Medical Science, SRM University, Chennai, India., Krishnan H; Apollo Speciality Hospitals, Chennai, India., Logaraj M; GMERS Medical College, Sola, Ahmedabad, India., Maheriya V; GMERS Medical College and Hospital Valsad, Valsad, India., Gharat V; Infectious Diseases, Amrita School of Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, India., Dipu TS; Infectious Diseases, Amrita School of Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, India., Solomon H; Apollo Speciality Hospitals, Chennai, India., Sharma S; Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Nagpur, India., Shwethashree M; School of Public Health and Department of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, Mysuru, Karnataka, India., Hegde R; Department of Community Medicine, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India., Ansari MWF; ESIC Medical College, Gulbarga, India., Misra S; All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in public health [Front Public Health] 2023 May 31; Vol. 11, pp. 1156782. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 31 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fpubh.2023.1156782
Abstrakt:	Background: COVID-19 was declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30th January 2020. Compared to the general population, healthcare workers and their families have been identified to be at a higher risk of getting infected with COVID-19. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the risk factors responsible for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection among health workers in different hospital settings and to describe the range of clinical presentations of SARS-CoV-2 infection among them. Methodology: A nested case-control study was conducted among healthcare workers who were involved in the care of COVID-19 cases for assessing the risk factors associated with it. To get a holistic perspective, the study was conducted in 19 different hospitals from across 7 states (Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Rajasthan) of India covering the major government and private hospitals that were actively involved in COVID-19 patient care. The study participants who were not vaccinated were enrolled using the incidence density sampling technique from December 2020 to December 2021. Results: A total of 973 health workers consisting of 345 cases and 628 controls were recruited for the study. The mean age of the participants was observed to be 31.17 ± 8.5 years, with 56.3% of them being females. On multivariate analysis, the factors that were found to be significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 were age of more than 31 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.407 [95% CI 1.53-1.880]; p  = 0.021), male gender (aOR 1.342 [95% CI 1.019-1.768]; p  = 0.036), practical mode of IPC training on personal protective equipment (aOR 1. 1.935 [95% CI 1.148-3.260]; p  = 0.013), direct exposure to COVID-19 patient (aOR 1.413 [95% CI 1.006-1.985]; p  = 0.046), presence of diabetes mellitus (aOR 2.895 [95% CI 1.079-7.770]; p  = 0.035) and those received prophylactic treatment for COVID-19 in the last 14 days (aOR 1.866 [95% CI 0.201-2.901]; p  = 0.006). Conclusion: The study was able to highlight the need for having a separate hospital infection control department that implements IPC programs regularly. The study also emphasizes the need for developing policies that address the occupational hazards faced by health workers. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 George, Tomy, Retnakumar, Narlawar, Bhardwaj, Krishnan, Rao, Patel, Bilimale, Baby, Mathew, Cassini, Simniceanu, Yin, Allegranzi, Ahmad, Rahman, Mohiuddin, Thakre, Bhansali, Vohra, Krishnan, Logaraj, Maheriya, Gharat, Dipu, Solomon, Sharma, Shwethashree, Hegde, Ansari and Misra.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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