Assessment of the Diagnostic Reliability of Modified Alvarado Scores and Abdominal Ultrasonography in Acute Appendicitis.

Autor:	Bhardwaj P; General Surgery, Radha Devi Jageshwari Memorial Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarpur, IND., Behura A; Pathology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, PBM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, IND., Mohapatra I; Community Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, IND., Behera C; Surgery, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, IND., Mohanty S; Pediatric Surgery, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, IND., Mishra A; Surgery, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, IND., Panda B; Research and Development, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, IND., Krishna NS; General Surgery, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, PBM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, IND., Ranjit K; General Surgery, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, PBM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, IND.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2023 May 14; Vol. 15 (5), pp. e38991. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 14 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.38991
Abstrakt:	Introduction Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency. Clinical assessment plays a major role; however, subtle clinical features in early stages and atypical presentation makes diagnosis challenging. Ultrasonography (USG) of the abdomen is a usual investigation that aids in diagnosis, however, it is operator dependent. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the abdomen is more accurate; however, it exposes the patient to hazardous radiation. The study aimed to combine clinical assessment and USG abdomen in the reliable diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Objectives The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic reliability of the Modified Alvarado Score and ultrasonography of the abdomen in acute appendicitis. Material and methods All patients with right iliac fossa pain, clinically suspected of having acute appendicitis, admitted to the department of general surgery, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Bhubaneswar, between January 2019 and July 2020, who gave consent were included. Clinically, Modified Alvarado Score (MAS) was calculated, after which patients were subjected to USG abdomen, where findings were noted and a sonologic score was calculated. The study group was the patients who needed appendicectomy (n=138). Operative findings were noted. Histopathological diagnosis of acute appendicitis was deemed as confirmatory in these cases and was correlated with MAS and USG scores to determine diagnostic accuracy. Results A combined clinicoradiological (MAS + USG) score of seven showed a sensitivity of 81.8% and a specificity of 100%. The specificity of score seven or above was 100%; however, the sensitivity at 81.8%. The diagnostic accuracy of the clinicoradiological was 87.5%. The negative appendicectomy rate was 4.34%, with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis being confirmed for 95.7% of patients upon histopathological examination. Conclusion The MAS and USG of the abdomen, which is an affordable and non-invasive tool, showed increased diagnostic reliability, and hence it can help reduce the use of CECT abdomen, as CECT abdomen is considered as a gold standard for confirmation or exclusion of diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Use of the combined scoring system of MAS and USG abdomen can be used as a cost-effective alternative. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. (Copyright © 2023, Bhardwaj et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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