Assessing Inhibitory Control Deficits in Adult ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Stop-signal Task.

Autor: Senkowski D; Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte (CCM), Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany. daniel.senkowski@charite.de., Ziegler T; Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte (CCM), Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany., Singh M; Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development (SEED) and School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia., Heinz A; Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte (CCM), Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany., He J; King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK., Silk T; Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development (SEED) and School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia., Lorenz RC; Lise Meitner Group for Environmental Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Neuropsychology review [Neuropsychol Rev] 2024 Jun; Vol. 34 (2), pp. 548-567. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 10.
DOI: 10.1007/s11065-023-09592-5
Abstrakt: In recent years, there has been an increasing quest in improving our understanding of the neurocognitive deficits underlying adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Current statistical manuals of psychiatric disorders emphasize inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms, but empirical studies have also shown consistent alterations in inhibitory control. To date, there is no established neuropsychological test to assess inhibitory control deficits in adult ADHD. A common paradigm for assessing response inhibition is the stop-signal task (SST). Following PRISMA-selection criteria, our systematic review and meta-analysis integrated the findings of 26 publications with 27 studies examining the SST in adult ADHD. The meta-analysis, which included 883 patients with adult ADHD and 916 control participants, revealed reliable inhibitory control deficits, as expressed in prolonged SST response times, with a moderate effect size g = 0.51 (95% CI: 0.376-0.644, p < 0.0001). The deficits were not moderated by study quality, sample characteristics or clinical parameters, suggesting that they may be a phenotype in this disorder. The analyses of secondary outcome measures revealed greater SST omission errors and reduced go accuracy in patients, indicative of altered sustained attention. However, only few (N < 10) studies were available for these measures. Our meta-analysis suggests that the SST, in conjunction with other tests and questionnaires, could become a valuable tool for assessing inhibitory control deficits in adult ADHD.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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