Aridity drives clinal patterns in leaf traits and responsiveness to precipitation in a broadly distributed Australian tree species.

Autor: Aspinwall MJ; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia.; College of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA.; Formation Environmental LLC Sacramento California USA., Blackman CJ; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia.; ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania Hobart Australia., Maier C; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia., Tjoelker MG; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia., Rymer PD; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia., Creek D; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia.; Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) Ås Norway., Chieppa J; College of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA., Griffin-Nolan RJ; Department of Biological Sciences California State University Chico California USA., Tissue DT; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia.; Global Centre for Land Based Innovation Western Sydney University Richmond New South Wales Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) [Plant Environ Interact] 2023 Mar 17; Vol. 4 (2), pp. 70-85. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 17 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1002/pei3.10102
Abstrakt: Aridity shapes species distributions and plant growth and function worldwide. Yet, plant traits often show complex relationships with aridity, challenging our understanding of aridity as a driver of evolutionary adaptation. We grew nine genotypes of Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. camaldulensis sourced from an aridity gradient together in the field for ~650 days under low and high precipitation treatments. Eucalyptus camaldulesis is considered a phreatophyte (deep-rooted species that utilizes groundwater), so we hypothesized that genotypes from more arid environments would show lower aboveground productivity, higher leaf gas-exchange rates, and greater tolerance/avoidance of dry surface soils (indicated by lower responsiveness) than genotypes from less arid environments. Aridity predicted genotype responses to precipitation, with more arid genotypes showing lower responsiveness to reduced precipitation and dry surface conditions than less arid genotypes. Under low precipitation, genotype net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance increased with home-climate aridity. Across treatments, genotype intrinsic water-use efficiency and osmotic potential declined with increasing aridity while photosynthetic capacity (Rubisco carboxylation and RuBP regeneration) increased with aridity. The observed clinal patterns indicate that E. camaldulensis genotypes from extremely arid environments possess a unique strategy defined by lower responsiveness to dry surface soils, low water-use efficiency, and high photosynthetic capacity. This strategy could be underpinned by deep rooting and could be adaptive under arid conditions where heat avoidance is critical and water demand is high.
(© 2023 The Authors. Plant‐Environment Interactions published by New Phytologist Foundation and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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