Electrolyte contact changes nano-Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 bulk properties via surface polarons.

Autor: Schleker PPM; Institut für Grundlagen der Elektrochemie IEK-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen Straße, 52425, Jülich, Germany. p.schleker@fz-juelich.de., Grosu C; Institut für Grundlagen der Elektrochemie IEK-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen Straße, 52425, Jülich, Germany.; Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching b, München, Germany., Paulus M; Institut für Grundlagen der Elektrochemie IEK-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen Straße, 52425, Jülich, Germany.; Institut für Physikalische Chemie (IPC), RWTH Aachen University, D-52074, Aachen, Germany., Jakes P; Institut für Grundlagen der Elektrochemie IEK-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen Straße, 52425, Jülich, Germany.; Institut für Physikalische Chemie (IPC), RWTH Aachen University, D-52074, Aachen, Germany., Schlögl R; Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany., Eichel RA; Institut für Grundlagen der Elektrochemie IEK-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen Straße, 52425, Jülich, Germany.; Institut für Physikalische Chemie (IPC), RWTH Aachen University, D-52074, Aachen, Germany., Scheurer C; Institut für Grundlagen der Elektrochemie IEK-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen Straße, 52425, Jülich, Germany.; Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany., Granwehr J; Institut für Grundlagen der Elektrochemie IEK-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen Straße, 52425, Jülich, Germany.; Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Communications chemistry [Commun Chem] 2023 Jun 07; Vol. 6 (1), pp. 113. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 07.
DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00913-6
Abstrakt: It is of general interest to combine the faradaic processes based high energy density of a battery with the non-faradaic processes based high power density of a capacitor in one cell. Surface area and functional groups of electrode materials strongly affect these properties. For the anode material Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO), we suggest a polaron based mechanism that influences Li ion uptake and mobility. Here we show electrolytes containing a lithium salt induce an observable change in the bulk NMR relaxation properties of LTO nano particles. The longitudinal 7 Li NMR relaxation time of bulk LTO can change by almost an order of magnitude and, therefore, reacts very sensitively to the cation and its concentration in the surrounding electrolyte. The reversible effect is largely independent of the used anions and of potential anion decomposition products. It is concluded that lithium salt containing electrolytes increase the mobility of surface polarons. These polarons and additional lithium cations from the electrolyte can now diffuse through the bulk, induce the observed enhanced relaxation rate and enable the non-faradaic process. This picture of a Li + ion equilibrium between electrolyte and solid may help with improving the charging properties of electrode materials.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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