Strategies To Improve the Performance of Hydrogen Storage Systems by Liquefaction Methods: A Comprehensive Review.

Autor: Ghorbani B; Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3X5, Canada., Zendehboudi S; Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3X5, Canada., Saady NMC; Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3X5, Canada., Duan X; Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3X5, Canada., Albayati TM; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad 10071, Iraq.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: ACS omega [ACS Omega] 2023 May 18; Vol. 8 (21), pp. 18358-18399. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 18 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01072
Abstrakt: The main challenges of liquid hydrogen (H 2 ) storage as one of the most promising techniques for large-scale transport and long-term storage include its high specific energy consumption (SEC), low exergy efficiency, high total expenses, and boil-off gas losses. This article reviews different approaches to improving H 2 liquefaction methods, including the implementation of absorption cooling cycles (ACCs), ejector cooling units, liquid nitrogen/liquid natural gas (LNG)/liquid air cold energy recovery, cascade liquefaction processes, mixed refrigerant systems, integration with other structures, optimization algorithms, combined with renewable energy sources, and the pinch strategy. This review discusses the economic, safety, and environmental aspects of various improvement techniques for H 2 liquefaction systems in more detail. Standards and codes for H 2 liquefaction technologies are presented, and the current status and future potentials of H 2 liquefaction processes are investigated. The cost-efficient H 2 liquefaction systems are those with higher production rates (>100 tonne/day), higher efficiency (>40%), lower SEC (<6 kWh/kgLH 2 ), and lower investment costs (1-2 $/kgLH 2 ). Increasing the stages in the conversion of ortho- to para-H 2 lowers the SEC and increases the investment costs. Moreover, using low-temperature waste heat from various industries and renewable energy in the ACC for precooling is significantly more efficient than electricity generation in power generation cycles to be utilized in H 2 liquefaction cycles. In addition, the substitution of LNG cold recovery for the precooling cycle is associated with the lower SEC and cost compared to its combination with the precooling cycle.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest.
(© 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE