Shared social groups or shared experiences? The effect of shared knowledge on children's perspective-taking.

Autor: Anderson L; School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6011, New Zealand. Electronic address: laura.anderson@vuw.ac.nz., Liberman Z; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA., Martin A; School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6011, New Zealand.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of experimental child psychology [J Exp Child Psychol] 2023 Oct; Vol. 234, pp. 105707. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 02.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2023.105707
Abstrakt: Although the ability to consider others' visual perspectives to interpret ambiguous communication emerges during childhood, people sometimes fail to attend to their partner's perspective. Two studies investigated whether 4- to 6-year-olds show a "closeness-communication bias" in their consideration of a partner's perspective in a communication task. Participants played a game that required them to take their partner's visual perspective in order to interpret an ambiguous instruction. If children, like adults, perform worse when they overestimate the extent to which their perspective is aligned with that of a partner, then they should make more perspective-taking errors when interacting with a socially close partner compared with a more socially distant partner. In Study 1, social closeness was based on belonging to the same social group. In Study 2, social closeness was based on caregiving, a long-standing social relationship with a close kinship bond. Although social group membership did not affect children's consideration of their partner's perspective, children did make more perspective-taking errors when interacting with a close caregiver compared with a novel experimenter. These findings suggest that close personal relationships may be more likely to lead children to overestimate perspective alignment and hinder children's perspective-taking than shared social group membership, and they highlight important questions about the mechanisms underlying the effects of partner characteristics in perspective-taking tasks.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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