Safe and just Earth system boundaries.

Autor: Rockström J; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany. johan.rockstrom@pik-potsdam.de.; Institute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany. johan.rockstrom@pik-potsdam.de.; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. johan.rockstrom@pik-potsdam.de., Gupta J; Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands., Qin D; State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.; China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China., Lade SJ; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. steven.lade@futureearth.org.; Future Earth Secretariat, Stockholm, Sweden. steven.lade@futureearth.org.; Fenner School of Environment & Society, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. steven.lade@futureearth.org., Abrams JF; Global Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK., Andersen LS; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany., Armstrong McKay DI; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.; Global Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.; Georesilience Analytics, Leatherhead, UK., Bai X; Fenner School of Environment & Society, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia., Bala G; Center for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India., Bunn SE; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia., Ciobanu D; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden., DeClerck F; EAT, Oslo, Norway.; Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT of the CGIAR, Montpellier, France., Ebi K; Center for Health & the Global Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Gifford L; School of Geography, Development and Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA., Gordon C; Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana., Hasan S; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia., Kanie N; Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan., Lenton TM; Global Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK., Loriani S; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany., Liverman DM; School of Geography, Development and Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA., Mohamed A; Functional Forest Ecology, Universität Hamburg, Barsbüttel, Germany., Nakicenovic N; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria., Obura D; CORDIO East Africa, Mombasa, Kenya., Ospina D; Future Earth Secretariat, Stockholm, Sweden., Prodani K; Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Rammelt C; Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Sakschewski B; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany., Scholtens J; Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Stewart-Koster B; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia., Tharammal T; Interdisciplinary Center for Water Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India., van Vuuren D; Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.; PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, The Netherlands., Verburg PH; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.; Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Winkelmann R; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany.; Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany., Zimm C; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria., Bennett EM; Bieler School of Environment, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada., Bringezu S; Center for Environmental Systems Research, Kassel University, Kassel, Germany., Broadgate W; Future Earth Secretariat, Stockholm, Sweden., Green PA; Environmental Sciences Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA., Huang L; National Climate Center, Beijing, China., Jacobson L; Future Earth Secretariat, Stockholm, Sweden., Ndehedehe C; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.; School of Environment & Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia., Pedde S; Future Earth Secretariat, Stockholm, Sweden.; Soil Geography and Landscape Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands., Rocha J; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.; Future Earth Secretariat, Stockholm, Sweden., Scheffer M; Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands., Schulte-Uebbing L; Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.; Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands., de Vries W; Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands., Xiao C; State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.; State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China., Xu C; School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China., Xu X; China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China., Zafra-Calvo N; Basque Centre for Climate Change bc3, Scientific Campus of the University of the Basque Country, Biscay, Spain., Zhang X; Appalachian Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Frostburg, MD, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature [Nature] 2023 Jul; Vol. 619 (7968), pp. 102-111. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 31.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06083-8
Abstrakt: The stability and resilience of the Earth system and human well-being are inseparably linked 1-3 , yet their interdependencies are generally under-recognized; consequently, they are often treated independently 4,5 . Here, we use modelling and literature assessment to quantify safe and just Earth system boundaries (ESBs) for climate, the biosphere, water and nutrient cycles, and aerosols at global and subglobal scales. We propose ESBs for maintaining the resilience and stability of the Earth system (safe ESBs) and minimizing exposure to significant harm to humans from Earth system change (a necessary but not sufficient condition for justice) 4 . The stricter of the safe or just boundaries sets the integrated safe and just ESB. Our findings show that justice considerations constrain the integrated ESBs more than safety considerations for climate and atmospheric aerosol loading. Seven of eight globally quantified safe and just ESBs and at least two regional safe and just ESBs in over half of global land area are already exceeded. We propose that our assessment provides a quantitative foundation for safeguarding the global commons for all people now and into the future.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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