Application of silicon and sodium hydrosulfide alleviates arsenic toxicity by regulating the physio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms of Zea mays.

Autor: Alatawi A; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, 71421, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia., Mfarrej MFB; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, 144534, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates., Alshegaihi RM; Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21493, Saudi Arabia., Asghar MA; Department of Biological Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, Brunszvik U. 2, H-2462, Martonvásár, Hungary., Mumtaz S; Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan., Yasin G; Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Khudwani, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, 192101, Jammu and Kashmir, India., Marc RA; Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca-Napoca, Romania., Fahad S; Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan. shah_fahad80@yahoo.com., Elsharkawy MM; Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt., Javed S; Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan., Ali S; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental science and pollution research international [Environ Sci Pollut Res Int] 2023 Jul; Vol. 30 (31), pp. 76555-76574. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 27.
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27739-y
Abstrakt: Soil contamination with toxic heavy metals (such as arsenic (As)) is becoming a serious global problem due to rapid development of social economy, although the use of silicon (Si) and sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) has been found effective in enhancing plant tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses including the As toxicity. For this purpose, a pot experiment was conducted using the different levels of As toxicity in the soil, i.e., (0 mM (no As), 50, and 100 µM) which were also supplied with the different exogenous levels of Si, i.e., (0 (no Si), 1.5, and 3 mM) and also with the NaHS, i.e., (0 (no NaHS), 1, and 2 mM) on growth, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange characteristics, oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant machinery (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants), and their gene expression, ion uptake, organic acid exudation, and As uptake of maize (Zea mays L.). Results from the present study showed that the increasing levels of As in the soil significantly (P < 0.05) decreased plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes, sugars, and nutritional contents from the roots and shoots of the plants. In contrast, increasing levels of As in the soil significantly (P < 0.05) increased oxidative stress indicators in terms of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and electrolyte leakage and also increased organic acid exudation patter in the roots of Z. mays, although the activities of enzymatic antioxidants and the response of their gene expressions in the roots and shoots of the plants and non-enzymatic such as phenolic, flavonoid, ascorbic acid, and anthocyanin contents were initially increased with the exposure of 50 µM As, but decreased by the increasing the As concentration 100 µM in the soil. The negative impact of As toxicity can overcome the application of Si and NaHS, which ultimately increased plant growth and biomass by capturing the reactive oxygen species and decreased oxidative stress in Z. mays by decreasing the As contents in the roots and shoots of the plants. Our results also showed that the Si was more sever and showed better results when we compared with NaHS under the same treatment of As in the soil. Research findings, therefore, suggest that the combined application of Si and NaHS can ameliorate As toxicity in Z. mays, resulting in improved plant growth and composition under metal stress, as depicted by balanced exudation of organic acids.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: