Unrecognized hypertension among a general adult Ghanaian population: An urban community-based cross-sectional study of prevalence and putative risk factors of lifestyle and obesity indices.

Autor:	Anto EO; Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Medical Diagnostics, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup Drive, Perth, Australia.; Centre for Precision Health, ECU Strategic Research Centre, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia., Boadu WIO; Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Medical Diagnostics, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Korsah EE; Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Medical Diagnostics, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Ansah E; Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Medical Diagnostics, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Adua E; Rural Clinical School, Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia., Frimpong J; Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Medical Diagnostics, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Nyarkoa P; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Tamakloe VCKT; Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Medical Diagnostics, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Acheampong E; Centre for Precision Health, ECU Strategic Research Centre, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia., Asamoah EA; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Opoku S; Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Medical Diagnostics, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Afrifa-Yamoah E; School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia., Annani-Akollor ME; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Obirikorang C; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	PLOS global public health [PLOS Glob Public Health] 2023 May 24; Vol. 3 (5), pp. e0001973. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 24 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pgph.0001973
Abstrakt:	Hypertension (HTN) is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, most individuals in developing countries are unaware of their blood pressure status. We determined the prevalence of unrecognized hypertension and its association with lifestyle factors and new obesity indices among the adult population. This community-based study was conducted among 1288 apparently healthy adults aged 18-80 years in the Ablekuma North Municipality, Ghana. Sociodemographic, lifestyle characteristics, blood pressure and anthropometric indices were obtained. The prevalence of unrecognized HTN was 18.4% (237 / 1288). The age groups 45-54 years [aOR = 2.29, 95% CI (1.33-3.95), p = 0.003] and 55-79 years [aOR = 3.25, 95% CI (1.61-6.54), p = 0.001], being divorced [aOR = 3.02 95% CI (1.33-6.90), p = 0.008], weekly [aOR = 4.10, 95% CI (1.77-9.51), p = 0.001] and daily alcohol intake [aOR = 5.62, 95% CI (1.26-12.236), p = 0.028] and no exercise or at most once a week [aOR = 2.25, 95% CI (1.56-3.66), p = 0.001] were independently associated with HTN. Among males, the fourth quartile (Q4) of both body roundness index (BRI) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) [aOR = 5.19, 95% CI (1.05-25.50), p = 0.043] were independent determinants of unrecognized HTN. Among females, the third quartile (Q3) [aOR = 7.96, 95% CI (1.51-42.52), p = 0.015] and Q4 [aOR = 9.87 95% CI (1.92-53.31), p = 0.007] of abdominal volume index (AVI), the Q3 of both BRI and WHtR [aOR = 6.07, 95% CI (1.05-34.94), p = 0.044] and Q4 of both BRI and WHtR [aOR = 9.76, 95% CI (1.74-54.96), p = 0.010] were independent risk factors of HTN. Overall, BRI (AUC = 0.724) and WHtR (AUC = 0.724) for males and AVI (AUC = 0.728), WHtR (AUC = 0.703) and BRI (AUC = 0.703) for females yielded a better discriminatory power for predicting unrecognized HTN. Unrecognized hypertension is common among the apparently healthy adults. Increased awareness of its risk factors, screening, and promoting lifestyle modification is needed to prevent the onset of hypertension. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. (Copyright: © 2023 Anto et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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