Disparities in survival improvement for U.S. childhood and adolescent cancer between 1995 and 2019: An analysis of population-based data.
| Autor: | Wang X; Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA., Brown DS; Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA., Cao Y; Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA., Ekenga CC; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA., Guo S; Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA., Johnson KJ; Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. Electronic address: kijohnson@wustl.edu. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Cancer epidemiology [Cancer Epidemiol] 2023 Aug; Vol. 85, pp. 102380. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 18. |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102380 |
| Abstrakt: | Background: Although treatment advances have increased childhood and adolescent cancer survival, whether patient subgroups have benefited equally from these improvements is unclear. Methods: Data on 42,865 malignant primary cancers diagnosed between 1995 and 2019 in individuals ≤ 19 years were obtained from 12 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for cancer-specific mortality by age group (0-14 and 15-19 years), sex, and race/ethnicity were estimated using flexible parametric models with a restricted cubic spline function in each of the periods: 2000-2004, 2005-2009, 2010-2014 and 2015-2019, versus 1995-1999. Interactions between diagnosis period and age group (children 0-14 and adolescents 15-19 years at diagnosis), sex, and race/ethnicity were assessed using likelihood ratio tests. Five-year cancer-specific survival rates for each diagnosis period were further predicted. Results: Compared with the 1995-1999 cohort, the risk of dying from all cancers combined decreased in subgroups defined by age, sex and race/ethnicity with HRs ranging from 0.50 to 0.68 for the 2015-2019 comparison. HRs were more variable by cancer subtype. There were no statistically significant interactions by age group (P Conclusions: The substantial improvements in cancer-specific survival for childhood and adolescent cancer did not differ significantly by different age, sex, and race/ethnicity groups. However, persistent gaps in survival between minorities and non-Hispanic Whites are noteworthy. Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None. (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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