Genetic Overlap Between Midfrontal Theta Signals and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Longitudinal Twin Cohort.

Autor: Aydin Ü; Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; School of Psychology & Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom., Gyurkovics M; Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom., Ginestet C; Bioinformatics and Health Statistics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom., Capp S; Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom., Greven CU; Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands., Palmer J; School of Mathematical and Data Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia., McLoughlin G; Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: grainne.mcloughlin@kcl.ac.uk.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Biological psychiatry [Biol Psychiatry] 2023 Nov 15; Vol. 94 (10), pp. 823-832. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 13.
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.05.006
Abstrakt: Background: Cognitive control has been strongly linked to midfrontal theta (4-8 Hz) brain activity. Such control processes are known to be impaired in individuals with psychiatric conditions and neurodevelopmental diagnoses, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Temporal variability in theta, in particular, has been associated with ADHD, with shared genetic variance underlying the relationship. Here, we investigated the phenotypic and genetic relationships between theta phase variability, theta-related signals (the N2, error-related negativity, and error positivity), reaction time, and ADHD and ASD longitudinally in a large twin study of young adults to investigate the stability of the genetic relationships between these measures over time.
Methods: Genetic multivariate liability threshold models were run on a longitudinal sample of 566 participants (283 twin pairs). Characteristics of ADHD and ASD were measured in childhood and young adulthood, while an electroencephalogram was recorded in young adulthood during an arrow flanker task.
Results: Cross-trial theta phase variability in adulthood showed large positive phenotypic and genetic relationships with reaction time variability and both childhood and adult ADHD characteristics. Error positivity amplitude was negatively related phenotypically and genetically to ADHD and ASD at both time points.
Conclusions: We showed significant genetic associations between variability in theta signaling and ADHD. A novel finding from the current study is that these relationships were stable across time, indicating a core dysregulation of the temporal coordination of control processes in ADHD that persists in individuals with childhood symptoms. Error processing, indexed by the error positivity, was altered in both ADHD and ASD, with a strong genetic contribution.
(Copyright © 2023 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: