Synthesis and characterization of magnetic bifunctional nano-catalyst for the production of biodiesel from Madhuca indica oil.

Autor: Ramasamy SVM; Department of Mechanical Engineering, RVS College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641402, India., Booramurthy V; Department of Petrochemical Engineering, RVS College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641402, India., Pandian S; School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, 382426, India. sivakumar.p@spt.pdpu.ac.in.; Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea. sivakumar.p@spt.pdpu.ac.in., Albaqami MD; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia., Alotabi RG; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental science and pollution research international [Environ Sci Pollut Res Int] 2023 May; Vol. 30 (25), pp. 66912-66922. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 26.
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26992-5
Abstrakt: The reusable magnetic multimetal nano-catalyst (Fe 3 O 4 .Cs 2 O) was synthesized using co-precipitation and incipient wetness impregnation methods. It was used to esterify and transesterify Madhuca indica (M. indica) oil to produce biodiesel with methanol. The prepared catalyst, caesium oxide doped on the nano-magnetite core, was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Further, the activity of the catalyst was investigated by subjecting it to a biodiesel reaction. To maximize biodiesel conversion, studies were carried out by varying the process variables like catalyst concentration, methanol-to-oil molar ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time. A maximum conversion of 97.4% was obtained at the holding conditions of 18:1 methanol-to-oil ratio, 7 wt% catalyst loading, 65 °C reaction temperature, and 300 min reaction time. Moreover, the catalyst recyclability study showed that it could be recycled up to 12 cycles with a conversion of 90% and above. The biodiesel's fuel properties were analysed and found to be within the limits of ASTM D6751 standard.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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