Narrative review of roles of astrocytes in subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Autor:	Luo Y; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China., Chen J; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China., Huang HY; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China., Lam ESY; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China., Wong GK; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Annals of translational medicine [Ann Transl Med] 2023 Apr 28; Vol. 11 (8), pp. 302. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 23.
DOI:	10.21037/atm-22-5486
Abstrakt:	Background and Objective: Astrocytes play an important role in healthy brain function, including the development and maintenance of blood-brain barrier (BBB), structural support, brain homeostasis, neurovascular coupling and secretion of neuroprotective factors. Reactive astrocytes participate in various pathophysiology after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) including neuroinflammation, glutamate toxicity, brain edema, vasospasm, BBB disruption, cortical spreading depolarization (SD). Methods: We searched PubMed up to 31 May, 2022 and evaluated the articles for screening and inclusion for subsequent systemic review. We found 198 articles with the searched terms. After exclusion based on the selection criteria, we selected 30 articles to start the systemic review. Key Content and Findings: We summarized the response of astrocytes induced by SAH. Astrocytes are critical for brain edema formation, BBB reconstruction and neuroprotection in the acute stage of SAH. Astrocytes clear extracellular glutamate by increasing the uptake of glutamate and Na + /K + ATPase activity after SAH. Neurotrophic factors released by astrocytes contribute to neurological recovery after SAH. Meanwhile, Astrocytes also form glial scars which hinder axon regeneration, produce proinflammatory cytokines, free radicals, and neurotoxic molecules. Conclusions: Preclinical studies showed that therapeutic targeting the astrocytes response could have a beneficial effect in ameliorating neuronal injury and cognitive impairment after SAH. Clinical trials and preclinical animal studies are still urgently needed in order to determine where astrocytes stand in various pathway of brain damage and repair after SAH and, above all, to develop therapeutic approaches which benefit patient outcomes. Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://atm.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/atm-22-5486/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. (2023 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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