Reversals in past long-term trends in educational inequalities in life expectancy for selected European countries.

Autor:	Zazueta-Borboa JD; Aging and Longevity, Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute - KNAW/University of groningen, The Hage, The Netherlands zazueta@nidi.nl.; Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands., Martikainen P; Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Aburto JM; Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.; Department of Sociology and Nuffield College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics, Southern Denmark University, Odense, Denmark., Costa G; Department of Public Health and Microbiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy., Peltonen R; Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Zengarini N; Epidemiology Unit, ASL TO3 Piedmont Region, Grugliasco (Torino), Italy., Sizer A; Department of Information Studies, University College London, London, UK., Kunst AE; Social Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Janssen F; Aging and Longevity, Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute - KNAW/University of groningen, The Hage, The Netherlands.; Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of epidemiology and community health [J Epidemiol Community Health] 2023 Jul; Vol. 77 (7), pp. 421-429. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 26.
DOI:	10.1136/jech-2023-220385
Abstrakt:	Background: Across Europe, socioeconomic inequalities in mortality are large and persistent. To better understand the drivers of past trends in socioeconomic mortality inequalities, we identified phases and potential reversals in long-term trends in educational inequalities in remaining life expectancy at age 30 (e30), and assessed the contributions of mortality changes among the low-educated and the high-educated at different ages. Methods: We used individually linked annual mortality data by educational level (low, middle and high), sex and single age (30+) from 1971/1972 onwards for England and Wales, Finland and Italy (Turin). We applied segmented regression to trends in educational inequalities in e30 (e30 high-educated minus e30 low-educated) and employed a novel demographic decomposition technique. Results: We identified several phases and breakpoints in the trends in educational inequalities in e30. The long-term increases (Finnish men, 1982-2008; Finnish women, 1985-2017; and Italian men, 1976-1999) were driven by faster mortality declines among the high-educated aged 65-84, and by mortality increases among the low-educated aged 30-59. The long-term decreases (British men, 1976-2008, and Italian women, 1972-2003) were driven by faster mortality improvements among the low-educated than among the high-educated at age 65+. The recent stagnation of increasing inequality (Italian men, 1999) and reversals from increasing to decreasing inequality (Finnish men, 2008) and from decreasing to increasing inequality (British men, 2008) were driven by mortality trend changes among the low-educated aged 30-54. Conclusion: Educational inequalities are plastic. Mortality improvements among the low-educated at young ages are imperative for achieving long-term decreases in educational inequalities in e30. Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared. (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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