Freshwater salinization reduces vertical movement rate and abundance of Daphnia: Interactions with predatory stress.

Autor: Huber ED; Department of Environmental Sciences and Lake Erie Center, The University of Toledo, 6200 Bay Shore Rd., Oregon, Ohio, USA., Wilmoth B; Department of Environmental Sciences and Lake Erie Center, The University of Toledo, 6200 Bay Shore Rd., Oregon, Ohio, USA., Hintz LL; Department of Environmental Sciences and Lake Erie Center, The University of Toledo, 6200 Bay Shore Rd., Oregon, Ohio, USA., Horvath AD; Department of Environmental Sciences and Lake Erie Center, The University of Toledo, 6200 Bay Shore Rd., Oregon, Ohio, USA., McKenna JR; Department of Environmental Sciences and Lake Erie Center, The University of Toledo, 6200 Bay Shore Rd., Oregon, Ohio, USA., Hintz WD; Department of Environmental Sciences and Lake Erie Center, The University of Toledo, 6200 Bay Shore Rd., Oregon, Ohio, USA. Electronic address: hintzwd@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) [Environ Pollut] 2023 Aug 01; Vol. 330, pp. 121767. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 03.
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121767
Abstrakt: Contaminants in human-dominated landscapes are changing ecological interactions. The global increase in freshwater salinity is likely to change predator-prey interactions due to the potential interactive effects between predatory stress and salt stress. We conducted two experiments to assess the interactions between the non-consumptive effects of predation and elevated salinity on the abundance and vertical movement rate of a common lake zooplankton species (Daphnia mendotae). Our results revealed an antagonism rather than a synergism between predatory stress and salinity on zooplankton abundance. Elevated salinity and predator cues triggered a >50% reduction in abundance at salt concentrations of 230 and 860 mg Cl - /L, two thresholds designed to protect freshwater organisms from chronic and acute effects due to salt pollution. We found a masking effect between salinity and predation on vertical movement rate of zooplankton. Elevated salinity reduced zooplankton vertical movement rate by 22-47%. A longer exposure history only magnified the reduction in vertical movement rate when compared to naïve individuals (no prior salinity exposure). Downward movement rate under the influence of predatory stress in elevated salinity was similar to the control, which may enhance the energetic costs of predator avoidance in salinized ecosystems. Our results suggest antagonistic and masking effects between elevated salinity and predatory stress will have consequences for fish-zooplankton interactions in salinized lakes. Elevated salinity could impose additional energetic constraints on zooplankton predator avoidance behaviors and vertical migration, which may reduce zooplankton population size and community interactions supporting the functioning of lake ecosystems.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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