Sodium content of menu items in New York City chain restaurants following enforcement of the sodium warning icon rule, 2015-2017.

Autor: Sisti JS; Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City, New York, United States of America., Prasad D; Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City, New York, United States of America., Niederman S; Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City, New York, United States of America., Mezzacca TA; Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City, New York, United States of America., Anekwe AV; Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City, New York, United States of America., Clapp J; Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City, New York, United States of America., Farley SM; Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City, New York, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2023 May 03; Vol. 18 (5), pp. e0274648. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 03 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274648
Abstrakt: In 2016, New York City (NYC) began enforcing a sodium warning regulation at chain restaurants, requiring placement of an icon next to any menu item containing ≥2,300 mg sodium. As menu labeling may improve menu nutritional composition, we investigated whether sodium content of menu items changed following enforcement of the sodium warning icon. All menu offerings at 10 quick-service (QSR) and 3 full-service (FSR) chain restaurants were photographed in 2015 (baseline) and 2017 (follow-up) and matched to nutritional information from restaurant websites; items were categorized as being available at both baseline and follow-up, or at only one timepoint. Linear and logistic regression models, respectively, assessed changes in calculated mean sodium-per-serving per menu item and the odds of an item containing ≥2,300 mg sodium. At baseline, mean per-serving sodium content was 2,160 mg at FSR and 1,070 mg at QSR, and 40.6% of FSR items and 7.2% of QSR items contained ≥2,300 mg sodium per serving. Sodium content did not differ when comparing all items offered at follow-up to all offered at baseline (21 mg, 95% CI: -60,101), or when comparing new versus discontinued items (17 mg, 95% CI: -154, 187). At follow-up, there was no change in the overall likelihood of items requiring a warning icon (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 0.97,1.79), or when comparing new versus discontinued items (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.02,4.24) (p = 0.04, not significant following Bonferroni correction for multiple analyses). Our findings that the sodium content of menu items did not change following the sodium warning icon regulation underscore difficulties in reducing sodium levels in restaurants; however, our results may be limited by follow-up data collection occurring less than one year post-enforcement. It may take additional time and similar action from other jurisdictions for restaurants to reduce the sodium content of menu items.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2023 Sisti et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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