Cognitive inhibition deficit in long COVID-19: An exploratory study.

Autor:	Saucier J; Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.; Center de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, NB, Canada., Jose C; Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.; Vitality Health Network, Dr. Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre, Moncton, NB, Canada., Beroual Z; Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.; Center de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, NB, Canada., Al-Qadi M; Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.; Center de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, NB, Canada., Chartrand S; Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.; Center de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, NB, Canada., Libert E; Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.; Center de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, NB, Canada., Losier MC; Vitality Health Network, Dr. Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre, Moncton, NB, Canada., Cooling K; Vitality Health Network, Dr. Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre, Moncton, NB, Canada., Girouard G; Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.; Center de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, NB, Canada.; Vitality Health Network, Dr. Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre, Moncton, NB, Canada., Jbilou J; Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.; Center de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, NB, Canada.; School of Psychology, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada., Chamard-Witkowski L; Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.; Center de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, NB, Canada.; Vitality Health Network, Dr. Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre, Moncton, NB, Canada.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in neurology [Front Neurol] 2023 Apr 14; Vol. 14, pp. 1125574. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 14 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fneur.2023.1125574
Abstrakt:	Background and Objectives: An increasing number of research studies point toward the importance and prevalence of long-term neurocognitive symptoms following infection with COVID-19. Our objectives were to capture the prevalence of cognitive impairments from 1 to 16 months post-COVID-19 infection, assess the changes in neuropsychological functions over time, and identify factors that can predict long-term deficits in cognition. Methodology: A cross-sectional research design was adopted to compare four sub-samples recruited over a 16-month timeframe (1-4, 5-8, 9-12, and 13-16 months). Phone interviews were conducted at least 6 weeks after being infected by COVID-19. Sociodemographic and clinical questionnaires were administered followed by standardized neurocognitive and psychological tests and health questionnaires screening cognitive symptoms, anxiety, depression, fatigue, and autonomy. Results: Regarding general health questionnaires, 55.2% of the 134 participants had symptoms of psychiatric illness, while 21.6% of patients had moderate-to-severe anxiety or depression. Cognitive efficiency was diminished in 19.4% of our population. Executive dysfunction was screened in 56% of patients, and an impairment of cognitive flexibility and inhibition was revealed in 38.8%. Depression, hospital or intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and the duration of hospital or ICU stay were associated with an inhibition deficit. The duration elapsed from the initial infection, and the neurocognitive assessment was not associated with a decrease in inhibition deficit. The prevalence of cognitive impairments, other than inhibition deficit, tended to decrease during the study period. Discussion: This study supports the extensive literature on the cognitive and neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19 and highlights long-lasting inhibition deficits, while other cognitive functions seemed to improve over time. The severity of infection could interact as a catalyst in the complex interplay between depression and executive functions. The absence of a relation between inhibition deficits and sociodemographic or medical factors reinforces the need for cognitive screening in all COVID-19 patients. Future research should focus on inhibition deficits longitudinally to assess the progression of this impairment. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Saucier, Jose, Beroual, Al-Qadi, Chartrand, Libert, Losier, Cooling, Girouard, Jbilou and Chamard-Witkowski.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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