Oncohistones and disrupted development in pediatric-type diffuse high-grade glioma.

Autor: Ocasio JK; Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA., Budd KM; Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.; St. Jude Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memphis, TN, USA., Roach JT; Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.; St. Jude Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memphis, TN, USA.; College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, USA., Andrews JM; Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA., Baker SJ; Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. suzanne.baker@stjude.org.; St. Jude Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memphis, TN, USA. suzanne.baker@stjude.org.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Cancer metastasis reviews [Cancer Metastasis Rev] 2023 Jun; Vol. 42 (2), pp. 367-388. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 29.
DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10105-2
Abstrakt: Recurrent, clonal somatic mutations in histone H3 are molecular hallmarks that distinguish the genetic mechanisms underlying pediatric and adult high-grade glioma (HGG), define biological subgroups of diffuse glioma, and highlight connections between cancer, development, and epigenetics. These oncogenic mutations in histones, now termed "oncohistones", were discovered through genome-wide sequencing of pediatric diffuse high-grade glioma. Up to 80% of diffuse midline glioma (DMG), including diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) and diffuse glioma arising in other midline structures including thalamus or spinal cord, contain histone H3 lysine 27 to methionine (K27M) mutations or, rarely, other alterations that result in a depletion of H3K27me3 similar to that induced by H3 K27M. This subgroup of glioma is now defined as diffuse midline glioma, H3K27-altered. In contrast, histone H3 Gly34Arg/Val (G34R/V) mutations are found in approximately 30% of diffuse glioma arising in the cerebral hemispheres of older adolescents and young adults, now classified as diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3G34-mutant. Here, we review how oncohistones modulate the epigenome and discuss the mutational landscape and invasive properties of histone mutant HGGs of childhood. The distinct mechanisms through which oncohistones and other mutations rewrite the epigenetic landscape provide novel insights into development and tumorigenesis and may present unique vulnerabilities for pHGGs. Lessons learned from these rare incurable brain tumors of childhood may have broader implications for cancer, as additional high- and low-frequency oncohistone mutations have been identified in other tumor types.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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