Pericardial Mesotheliomas.
| Autor: | Arrossi AV; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Advances in anatomic pathology [Adv Anat Pathol] 2023 Jul 01; Vol. 30 (4), pp. 253-258. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 27. |
| DOI: | 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000399 |
| Abstrakt: | Primary pericardial mesothelioma (PM) is a rare tumor arising from the mesothelial cells of the pericardium. It has an incidence of <0.05% and comprises <2% of all mesotheliomas; however, it is the most common primary malignancy of the pericardium. PM should be distinguished from secondary involvement by the spread of pleural mesothelioma or metastases, which are more common. Although data are controversial, the association between asbestos exposure and PM is less documented than that with other mesotheliomas. Late clinical presentation is common. Symptoms may be nonspecific but are usually related to pericardial constriction or cardiac tamponade, and diagnosis can be challenging usually requiring multiple imaging modalities. Echocardiography, computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance demonstrate heterogeneously enhancing thickened pericardium, usually encasing the heart, with findings of constrictive physiology. Tissue sampling is essential for diagnosis. Histologically, similar to mesotheliomas elsewhere in the body, PM is classified as epithelioid, sarcomatoid, or biphasic, with the biphasic type being the most common. Combined with morphologic assessment, the use of immunohistochemistry and other ancillary studies is helpful for distinguishing mesotheliomas from benign proliferative processes and other neoplastic processes. The prognosis of PM is poor with about 22% 1-year survival. Unfortunately, the rarity of PM poses limitations for comprehensive and prospective studies to gain further insight into the pathobiology, diagnosis, and treatment of PM. Competing Interests: The author has no funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. (Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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