| Autor: |
Poon YK; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia., Enche Ab Rahim SK; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia.; Centre of Excellence for Frontier Materials Research (CFMR), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia., Ng QH; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia.; Centre of Excellence for Frontier Materials Research (CFMR), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia., Hoo PY; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia.; Centre of Excellence for Frontier Materials Research (CFMR), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia., Abdullah NY; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia., Nasib A; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia.; Centre of Excellence for Frontier Materials Research (CFMR), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia., Abdullah NS; Centre of Excellence for Frontier Materials Research (CFMR), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia.; School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia. |
| Abstrakt: |
Membrane application is widespread in water filtration to remove natural organic matter (NOM), especially humic acid. However, there is a significant concern in membrane filtration, which is fouling, which will cause a reduction in the membrane life span, a high energy requirement, and a loss in product quality. Therefore, the effect of a TiO 2 /PES mixed matrix membrane on different concentrations of TiO 2 photocatalyst and different durations of UV irradiation was studied in removing humic acid to determine the anti-fouling and self-cleaning effects. The TiO 2 photocatalyst and TiO 2 /PES mixed matrix membrane synthesised were characterised using attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), contact angle, and porosity. The performances of TiO 2 /PES membranes of 0 wt.%, 1 wt.%, 3 wt.%, and 5 wt.% were evaluated via a cross-flow filtration system regarding anti-fouling and self-cleaning effects. After that, all the membranes were irradiated under UV for either 2, 10, or 20 min. A TiO 2 /PES mixed matrix membrane of 3 wt.% was proved to have the best anti-fouling and self-cleaning effect with improved hydrophilicity. The optimum duration for UV irradiation of the TiO 2 /PES mixed matrix membrane was 20 min. Furthermore, the fouling behaviour of mixed matrix membranes was fitted to the intermediate blocking model. Adding TiO 2 photocatalyst into the PES membrane enhanced the anti-fouling and self-cleaning properties. |
