Life-Cycle Assessment of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene Synthesis.

Autor: Dadashi Firouzjaei M; Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology and Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute (INDI), Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA.; Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA., Nemani SK; Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology and Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute (INDI), Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA., Sadrzadeh M; Department of Mechanical Engineering, 10-367 Donadeo Innovation Center for Engineering, Advanced Water Research Lab (AWRL), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada., Wujcik EK; Materials Engineering and Nanosensor [MEAN] Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering and the Advanced Structures & Composites Center [ASCC], The University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA., Elliott M; Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA., Anasori B; Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology and Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute (INDI), Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA.; School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) [Adv Mater] 2023 Aug; Vol. 35 (31), pp. e2300422. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 11.
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300422
Abstrakt: MXenes, 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, have been investigated for diverse applications since their discovery; however, their life-cycle assessment (LCA) has not been studied. Here, a "cradle to gate" LCA is performed to assess the cumulative energy demand (CED) and environmental impacts of lab-scale synthesis of Ti 3 C 2 T x , the most researched MXene composition. Electromagnetic interface (EMI) shielding is selected as it is one of MXenes' most promising applications and LCA of Ti 3 C 2 T x synthesis is compared to aluminum and copper foils, two typical EMI-shielding materials. Two laboratory-scale MXene synthesis systems-gram and kilogram batches-are examined. The CED and environmental implications of Ti 3 C 2 T x synthesis are investigated based on its precursor production, selective etching, delamination processes, laboratory location, energy mix, and raw material type. These results show that laboratory electricity usage for the synthesis processes accounts for >70% of the environmental impacts. Manufacturing 1.0 kg of industrial-scale aluminum and copper foil releases 23.0 kg and 8.75 kg of CO 2 , respectively, while 1.0 kg of lab-scale MXene synthesis releases 428.10 kg. Chemical usage is less impactful than electricity, which suggests that recycled resources and renewable energy can make MXene synthesis more sustainable. Understanding MXene LCA helps the industrialization of this material.
(© 2023 The Authors. Advanced Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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