Magnesium-enriched poultry manure enhances phosphorus bioavailability in biochars.

Autor: Leite ADA; Federal University of Lavras/UFLA - Soil Science Dept., 37200-000, Lavras, Brazil; Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA., Melo LCA; Federal University of Lavras/UFLA - Soil Science Dept., 37200-000, Lavras, Brazil; Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA., Hurtarte LCC; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility/ESRF - Grenoble, France., Zuin L; Canadian Light Source/CLS - Saskatoon, Canada., Piccolla CD; University of Western Santa Catarina/UNOESC, Brazil., Werder D; Cornell Center for Materials Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA., Shabtai I; Department of Environmental Science and Forestry, The Connecticut Agricultural. Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA., Lehmann J; Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA; Department of Global Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA; Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA. Electronic address: CL273@cornell.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Chemosphere [Chemosphere] 2023 Aug; Vol. 331, pp. 138759. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 21.
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138759
Abstrakt: Pyrolysis of calcium-rich feedstock (e.g., poultry manure) generates semi-crystalline and crystalline phosphorus (P) species, compromising its short-term availability to plants. However, enriching poultry manure with magnesium (Mg) before pyrolysis may improve the ability of biochar to supply P. This study investigated how increasing the Mg/Ca ratio and pyrolysis temperature of poultry manure affected its P availability and speciation. Mg enrichment by ∼2.1% increased P availability (extracted using 2% citric and formic acid) by 20% in Mg-biochar at pyrolysis temperatures up to 600 °C. Linear combination fitting of P K-edge XANES of biochar, and Mg/Ca stoichiometry, indicate that P species, mainly Ca-P and Mg-P, are altered after pyrolysis. At 300 °C, adding Mg as magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH) 2 ] created MgNH 4 PO 4 (18%) and Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 .8H 2 O (23%) in the biochar, while without addition of Mg Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 (11%) predominated, both differing only for pyrophosphate, 33 and 16%, respectively. Similarly, the P L 2,3 edge XANES data of biochar made with Mg were indicative of either MgHPO 4 .3H 2 O or Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 .8H 2 O, in comparison to CaHPO 4 .2H 2 O or Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 without Mg. More importantly, hydroxyapatite [Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH)] was not identified with Mg additions, while it was abundant in biochars produced without Mg both at 600 (12%) and 700 °C (32%). The presence of Mg formed Mg-P minerals that could enhance P mobility in soil more than Ca-P, and may have resulted in greater P availability in Mg-enriched biochars. Thus, a relatively low Mg enrichment can be an approach for designing and optimize biochar as a P fertilizer from P-rich excreta, with the potential to improve P availability and contribute to the sustainable use of organic residues.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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