Nanoporous Carbon Immunosensor for Highly Accurate and Sensitive Clinical Detection of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Traumatic Brain Injury, Stroke, and Spinal Cord Injury.

Autor: Khetani S; BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.; Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada., Salahandish R; BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.; Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnologies for Health Assessments (LAB-HA), Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto M3J 1P3, Canada., Tabor JB; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary T2H 2T9, Alberta, Canada.; Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada., Chilvers M; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada., Dukelow S; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary T2H 2T9, Alberta, Canada., Ho C; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary T2H 2T9, Alberta, Canada., Campbell C; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary T2H 2T9, Alberta, Canada., Sen A; Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.; Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada., Debert CT; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary T2H 2T9, Alberta, Canada., Sanati-Nezhad A; BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.; Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: ACS biomaterials science & engineering [ACS Biomater Sci Eng] 2023 Jun 12; Vol. 9 (6), pp. 3556-3569. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 17.
DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00048
Abstrakt: Elevated glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the blood serum is one of the promising bodily fluid markers for the diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) injuries, including traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, and spinal cord injury (SCI). However, accurate and point-of-care (POC) quantification of GFAP in clinical blood samples has been challenging and yet to be clinically validated against gold-standard assays and outcome practices. This work engineered and characterized a novel nanoporous carbon screen-printed electrode with significantly increased surface area and conductivity, as well as preserved stability and anti-fouling properties. This nano-decorated electrode was immobilized with the target GFAP antibody to create an ultrasensitive GFAP immunosensor and quantify GFAP levels in spiked samples and the serum of CNS injury patients. The immunosensor presented a dynamic detection range of 100 fg/mL to 10 ng/mL, a limit of detection of 86.6 fg/mL, and a sensitivity of 20.3 Ω mL/pg mm 2 for detecting GFAP in the serum. Its clinical utility was demonstrated by the consistent and selective quantification of GFAP comparable to the ultrasensitive single-molecule array technology in 107 serum samples collected from TBI, stroke, and SCI patients. Comparing the diagnostic and prognostic performance of the immunosensor with the existing clinical paradigms confirms the immunosensor's accuracy as a potential complement to the existing imaging diagnostic modalities and presents a potential for rapid, accurate, cost-effective, and near real-time POC diagnosis and prognosis of CNS injuries.
Databáze: MEDLINE