Interactions between sex and the age at disease onset on cardiometabolic risk factors in a Ghanaian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.

Autor: Akilla MA; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Applied Science and Art Bolgatanga Technical University Bolgatanga Ghana., Banyeh M; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana., Awinibuno IAN; Directorate of Allied Health, Ministry of Health Accra Ghana.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Health science reports [Health Sci Rep] 2023 Apr 13; Vol. 6 (4), pp. e1200. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 13 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1200
Abstrakt: Background and Aim: The are sex differences in cardiometabolic risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as well as the age at disease onset. However, the impact of these risk factors on the age at onset of T2DM is less known in the Ghanaian population. An understanding of the differential impact of cardiometabolic risk factors on the age at onset on T2DM may lead to sex-specific interventions in preventive and management strategies for T2DM.
Methods: The study was cross-sectional from January to June 2019 at the Bolgatanga regional hospital. The study involved 163 T2DM patients (Female = 103, Male = 60), aged from 25 to 70 years. The body mass index (BMI) and the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were measured following standardized anthropometric techniques. Fasting venous blood samples were collected and analyzed for cardiometabolic risk factors including total cholesterol (TCHOL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.
Results: While TCHOL was higher in males than females (mean [SD]: F  = .78 [1.37], M  = 4.27 [1.39]) and LDL higher in females than males (mean [SD]: [ F  = 4.33 [1.22], M  = 3.87 [1.26]), these did not, however, attain conventional statistical significance for TCHOL ( t  = 1.985, p  = 0.05) and LDL ( t  = 2.001, p  = 0.05). There were however, significant interactions between sex and the age at disease onset on TCHOL ( t  = -2.816, p  = 0.006) and LDL ( t  = -2.874, p  = 0.005), which were independent of the BMI, WHR and disease duration. The relationship between the age at disease onset and that of TCHOL and LDL were positive in females but negative in males.
Conclusion: Fasting plasma TCHOL and LDL increases with increasing age at onset of T2DM in females but decreases in males. Strategies for the prevention and management of T2DM should be sex-specific. Females with T2DM should be given more attention regarding their fasting plasma cholesterol (total) and LDL cholesterol as they are more likely than men to have increased levels of these lipids with increasing age at disease onset.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
(© 2023 The Authors. Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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