Total neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer: a network meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Autor:	Sychev S; Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology, Moscow, Russia., Ponomarenko A; Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology, Moscow, Russia., Chernyshov S; Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology, Moscow, Russia., Alekseev M; Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology, Moscow, Russia., Mamedli Z; N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia., Kuzmichev D; N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia., Polynovskiy A; N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia., Rybakov E; Ryzhikh National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology, Moscow, Russia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Annals of coloproctology [Ann Coloproctol] 2023 Aug; Vol. 39 (4), pp. 289-300. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 11.
DOI:	10.3393/ac.2022.00920.0131
Abstrakt:	Purpose: To assess the efficacy of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) for rectal carcinoma in comparison with conventional chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Methods: A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was done using NetMetaXL and WinBUGS. This study was registered in PROSPERO on March 3, 2022 (No. CRD-42022307867). Results: Outcomes of 2,719 patients from 10 randomized trials between 2010 and 2022 were selected. Of these 1,191 (44%) had conventional long-course CRT (50-54 Gy) and capecitabine, 506 (18%) had induction chemotherapy followed by CRT (50-54 Gy) and capecitabine (iTNT), 230 (9%) had long-course CRT (50-54 Gy) followed by consolidation chemotherapy (cTNT), and 792 (29%) undergone modified short-course radiotherapy (25 Gy) with subsequent chemotherapy (mTNT). Total pathologic complete response (pCR) was 20% in the iTNT group, 21% in the mTNT group, 22% in the cTNT group, and 12% in the CRT group. Statistically significant difference in pCR rates was detected when comparing iTNT with CRT (odds ratio [OR], 1.76; 95% credible interval [CrI], 1.06-2.8), mTNT with CRT (OR, 1.90; 95% CrI, 1.25-2.74), and cTNT with CRT groups (OR, 2.54; 95% CrI, 1.26-5.08). No differences were found in R0 resection rates. No significant difference was found in long-term outcomes. Conclusion: The early administration of systemic chemotherapy in the TNT regimen has improved short-term outcomes, though long-term results are underreported. Randomized trials with survival as the endpoint are necessary to evaluate the possible advantages of TNT modes.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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