Alpha-linolenic acid modulates systemic and adipose tissue-specific insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and the endocannabinoid system in dairy cows.

Autor: Kra G; Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, ARO Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZiyon, Israel.; Department of Animal Science, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel., Daddam JR; Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, ARO Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZiyon, Israel., Moallem U; Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, ARO Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZiyon, Israel., Kamer H; Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, ARO Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZiyon, Israel., Mualem B; Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, ARO Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZiyon, Israel., Levin Y; The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel., Kočvarová R; Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel., Nemirovski A; Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel., Contreras AG; Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA., Tam J; Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel., Zachut M; Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, ARO Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZiyon, Israel. mayak@volcani.agri.gov.il.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2023 Mar 31; Vol. 13 (1), pp. 5280. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 31.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32433-7
Abstrakt: Metabolic disorders are often linked to alterations in insulin signaling. Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids modulate immunometabolic responses; thus, we examined the effects of peripartum n-3 on systemic and adipose tissue (AT)-specific insulin sensitivity, immune function, and the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in dairy cows. Cows were supplemented peripartum with saturated fat (CTL) or flaxseed supplement rich in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Blood immunometabolic biomarkers were examined, and at 5-8 d postpartum (PP), an intravenous glucose-tolerance-test (GTT) and AT biopsies were performed. Insulin sensitivity in AT was assessed by phosphoproteomics and proteomics. Peripartum n-3 reduced the plasma concentrations of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-17α, lowered the percentage of white blood cells PP, and reduced inflammatory proteins in AT. Systemic insulin sensitivity was higher in ALA than in CTL. In AT, the top canonical pathways, according to the differential phosphoproteome in ALA, were protein-kinase-A signaling and insulin-receptor signaling; network analysis and immunoblots validated the lower phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt), and lower abundance of insulin receptor, together suggesting reduced insulin sensitivity in ALA AT. The n-3 reduced the plasma concentrations of ECS-associated ligands, and lowered the abundances of cannabinoid-1-receptor and monoglycerol-lipase in peripheral blood mononuclear cells PP. Peripartum ALA supplementation in dairy cows improved systemic insulin sensitivity and immune function, reduced ECS components, and had tissue-specific effects on insulin-sensitivity in AT, possibly counter-balancing the systemic responses.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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