An experimental medicine decipher of a minimum correlate of cellular immunity: Study protocol for a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Autor:	Kalimuddin S; Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore., Chan YFZ; Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore., Sessions OM; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore., Chan KR; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore., Ong EZ; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.; Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre (ViREMiCS), SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore., Low JG; Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.; Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre (ViREMiCS), SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore., Bertoletti A; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.; Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR) Singapore, Singapore, Singapore., Ooi EE; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre (ViREMiCS), SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2023 Mar 10; Vol. 14, pp. 1135979. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 10 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fimmu.2023.1135979
Abstrakt:	Vaccination induces an adaptive immune response that protects against infectious diseases. A defined magnitude of adaptive immune response that correlates with protection from the disease of interest, or correlates of protection (CoP), is useful for guiding vaccine development. Despite mounting evidence for the protective role of cellular immunity against viral diseases, studies on CoP have almost exclusively focused on humoral immune responses. Moreover, although studies have measured cellular immunity following vaccination, no study has defined if a "threshold" of T cells, both in frequency and functionality, is needed to reduce infection burden. We will thus conduct a double-blind, randomized clinical trial in 56 healthy adult volunteers, using the licensed live-attenuated yellow fever (YF17D) and chimeric Japanese encephalitis-YF17D (JE-YF17D) vaccines. These vaccines share the entire non-structural and capsid proteome where the majority of the T cell epitopes reside. The neutralizing antibody epitopes, in contrast, are found on the structural proteins which are not shared between the two vaccines and are thus distinct from one another. Study participants will receive JE-YF17D vaccination followed by YF17D challenge, or YF17D vaccination followed by JE-YF17D challenge. A separate cohort of 14 healthy adults will receive the inactivated Japanese Encephalitis virus (JEV) vaccine followed by YF17D challenge that controls for the effect of cross-reactive flaviviral antibodies. We hypothesize that a strong T cell response induced by YF17D vaccination will reduce JE-YF17D RNAemia upon challenge, as compared to JE-YF17D vaccination followed by YF17D challenge. The expected gradient of YF17D-specific T cell abundance and functionality would also allow us to gain insight into a T cell threshold for controlling acute viral infections. The knowledge gleaned from this study could guide the assessment of cellular immunity and vaccine development. Clinical Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05568953. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Kalimuddin, Chan, Sessions, Chan, Ong, Low, Bertoletti and Ooi.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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