Review: Effect of essential fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid on the adaptive physiology of dairy cows during the transition period.

Autor:	Veshkini A; Institute of Nutritional Physiology Research, Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy. Electronic address: veshkini@fbn-dummerstorf.de., Ceciliani F; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy., Bonnet M; INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France., Hammon HM; Institute of Nutritional Physiology Research, Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience [Animal] 2023 Jun; Vol. 17 Suppl 2, pp. 100757. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 07.
DOI:	10.1016/j.animal.2023.100757
Abstrakt:	Cows fed total mixed rations (silage-based) may not receive as much essential fatty acids (EFAs) and conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) as cows fed pasture-based rations (fresh grass) containing rich sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids. CLA-induced milk fat depression allows dairy cows to conserve more metabolisable energy, thereby shortening the state of negative energy balance and reducing excessive fat mobilisation at early lactation. EFAs, particularly α-linolenic acid, exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, thereby modulating immune functions. Thus, combined EFA and CLA supplementation seems to be an effective nutritional strategy to relieve energy metabolism and to improve immune response, which are often compromised during the transition from late pregnancy to lactation in high-yielding dairy cows. There has been extensive research on this idea over the last two decades, and despite promising results, several interfering factors have led to varying findings, making it difficult to conclude whether and under what conditions EFA and CLA supplementations are beneficial for dairy cows during the transition period. This article reviews the latest studies on the effects of EFA and CLA supplementation, alone or in combination, on dairy cow metabolism and health during various stages around parturition. Our review article summarises and provides novel insights into the mechanisms by which EFA and/or CLA influence markers of metabolism, energy homeostasis and partitioning, immunity, and inflammation revealed by a deep molecular phenotyping. (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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