First cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection and secondary transmission in Kisumu, Kenya.

Autor:	Tippett Barr BA; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya.; Nyanja Health Research Institute, Salima, Malawi., Herman-Roloff A; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya., Mburu M; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya., Murnane PM; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America., Sang N; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya., Bukusi E; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya., Oele E; Kisumu County Department of Health, Kisumu, Kenya., Odhiambo A; Kisumu County Department of Health, Kisumu, Kenya., Lewis-Kulzer J; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America., Onyango CO; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya., Hunsperger E; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya., Odhiambo F; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya., Joseph RH; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya., Munyua P; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya., Othieno K; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya., Mulwa E; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya., Akelo V; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya., Muok E; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya., Bulterys M; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya., Nzioka C; Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya., Cohen CR; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	PLOS global public health [PLOS Glob Public Health] 2022 Sep 08; Vol. 2 (9), pp. e0000951. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 08 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pgph.0000951
Abstrakt:	We investigated the first 152 laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases (125 primary and 27 secondary) and their 248 close contacts in Kisumu County, Kenya. Conducted June 10-October 8, 2020, this study included interviews and sample collection at enrolment and 14-21 days later. Median age was 35 years (IQR 28-44); 69.0% reported COVID-19 related symptoms, most commonly cough (60.0%), headache (55.2%), fever (53.3%) and loss of taste or smell (43.8%). One in five were hospitalized, 34.4% >25 years of age had at least one comorbidity, and all deaths had comorbidities. Adults ≥25 years with a comorbidity were 3.15 (95% CI 1.37-7.26) times more likely to have been hospitalized or died than participants without a comorbidity. Infectious comorbidities included HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria, but no current cases of influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, dengue fever, leptospirosis or chikungunya were identified. Thirteen (10.4%) of the 125 primary infections transmitted COVID-19 to 27 close contacts, 158 (63.7%) of whom resided or worked within the same household. Thirty-one percent (4 of 13) of those who transmitted COVID-19 to secondary cases were health care workers; no known secondary transmissions occurred between health care workers. This rapid assessment early in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic identified some context-specific characteristics which conflicted with the national line-listing of cases, and which have been substantiated in the year since. These included over two-thirds of cases reporting the development of symptoms during the two weeks after diagnosis, compared to the 7% of cases reported nationally; over half of cases reporting headaches, and nearly half of all cases reporting loss of taste and smell, none of which were reported at the time by the World Health Organization to be common symptoms. This study highlights the importance of rapid in-depth assessments of outbreaks in understanding the local epidemiology and response measures required. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. (Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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