Large gains in schooling and income are possible from minimizing adverse birth outcomes in 121 low- and middle-income countries: A modelling study.

Autor:	Blakstad MM; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America., Perumal N; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America., Bliznashka L; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America., Lambiris MJ; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland., Fink G; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland., Danaei G; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America.; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America., Sudfeld CR; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America.; Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	PLOS global public health [PLOS Glob Public Health] 2022 Jun 08; Vol. 2 (6), pp. e0000218. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 08 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pgph.0000218
Abstrakt:	While the global contributions of adverse birth outcomes to child morbidity and mortality is relatively well documented, the potential long-term schooling and economic consequences of adverse birth outcomes has not been estimated. We sought to quantify the potential schooling and lifetime income gains associated with reducing the excess prevalence of adverse birth outcomes in 121 low- and middle-income countries. We used a linear deterministic model to estimate the potential gains in schooling and lifetime income that may be achieved by attaining theoretical minimum prevalence of low birthweight, preterm birth and small-for-gestational age births at the national, regional, and global levels. We estimated that potential total gains across the 121 countries from reducing low birthweight to the theoretical minimum were 20.3 million school years (95% CI: 6.0,34.8) and US$ 68.8 billion (95% CI: 20.3,117.9) in lifetime income gains per birth cohort. As for preterm birth, we estimated gains of 9.8 million school years (95% CI: 1.5,18.4) and US$ 41.9 billion (95% CI: 6.1,80.9) in lifetime income. The potential gains from small-for-gestational age were 39.5 million (95% CI: 19.1,60.3) school years and US$113.6 billion (95% CI: 55.5,174.2) in lifetime income gained. In summary, reducing the excess prevalence of low birthweight, preterm birth or small-for-gestational age births in low- and middle-income countries may lead to substantial long-term human capital gains in addition to benefits on child mortality, growth, and development as well as on risk of non-communicable diseases in adults and other consequences across the life course. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. (Copyright: © 2022 Blakstad et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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