Continent-wide declines in shallow reef life over a decade of ocean warming.

Autor: Edgar GJ; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. g.edgar@utas.edu.au.; Reef Life Survey Foundation, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia. g.edgar@utas.edu.au., Stuart-Smith RD; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.; Reef Life Survey Foundation, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia., Heather FJ; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Barrett NS; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Turak E; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Sweatman H; Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia., Emslie MJ; Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia., Brock DJ; Marine Science Program, Department for Environment and Water, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia., Hicks J; Marine Science Program, Department for Environment and Water, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia., French B; Marine Science Program, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Kensington, Western Australia, Australia., Baker SC; School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Howe SA; Formely Parks Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Jordan A; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Nelson Bay, New South Wales, Australia., Knott NA; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Nelson Bay, New South Wales, Australia., Mooney P; Reef Life Survey Foundation, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia., Cooper AT; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.; Reef Life Survey Foundation, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia., Oh ES; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Soler GA; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Mellin C; The Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia., Ling SD; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Dunic JC; Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada., Turnbull JW; University of Sydney, SOLES, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia., Day PB; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.; Reef Life Survey Foundation, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia., Larkin MF; National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia., Seroussi Y; Underwater Research Group of Queensland, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, Australia., Stuart-Smith J; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Clausius E; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Davis TR; Fisheries Research, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia., Shields J; Reef Life Survey Foundation, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia., Shields D; Reef Life Survey Foundation, Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia., Johnson OJ; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Fuchs YH; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Denis-Roy L; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Jones T; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Bates AE; Biology Department, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature [Nature] 2023 Mar; Vol. 615 (7954), pp. 858-865. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 22.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05833-y
Abstrakt: Human society is dependent on nature 1,2 , but whether our ecological foundations are at risk remains unknown in the absence of systematic monitoring of species' populations 3 . Knowledge of species fluctuations is particularly inadequate in the marine realm 4 . Here we assess the population trends of 1,057 common shallow reef species from multiple phyla at 1,636 sites around Australia over the past decade. Most populations decreased over this period, including many tropical fishes, temperate invertebrates (particularly echinoderms) and southwestern Australian macroalgae, whereas coral populations remained relatively stable. Population declines typically followed heatwave years, when local water temperatures were more than 0.5 °C above temperatures in 2008. Following heatwaves 5,6 , species abundances generally tended to decline near warm range edges, and increase near cool range edges. More than 30% of shallow invertebrate species in cool latitudes exhibited high extinction risk, with rapidly declining populations trapped by deep ocean barriers, preventing poleward retreat as temperatures rise. Greater conservation effort is needed to safeguard temperate marine ecosystems, which are disproportionately threatened and include species with deep evolutionary roots. Fundamental among such efforts, and broader societal needs to efficiently adapt to interacting anthropogenic and natural pressures, is greatly expanded monitoring of species' population trends 7,8 .
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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