Developing a medical device-grade T 2 phantom optimized for myocardial T 2 mapping by cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Autor: Topriceanu CC; Barts Heart Center, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, ECIA 7BE, UK.; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.; Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK., Fornasiero M; UCL Medical School, 74 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DE, UK., Seo H; Department of Cardiology, Center for Inherited Heart Muscle Conditions, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK., Webber M; Barts Heart Center, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, ECIA 7BE, UK.; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.; Department of Cardiology, Center for Inherited Heart Muscle Conditions, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK.; Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK., Keenan KE; National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA., Stupic KF; National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA., Bruehl R; Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestraße 2-12, 10587, Berlin, Germany., Ittermann B; Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestraße 2-12, 10587, Berlin, Germany., Price K; UCL Bloomsbury Center for Clinical Phenotyping, London, WC1E 6HX, UK., McGrath L; UCL Bloomsbury Center for Clinical Phenotyping, London, WC1E 6HX, UK., Pang W; Resonance Health (RH), 141 Burswood Road, Burswood, WA, 6100, Australia., Hughes AD; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.; Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK., Nezafat R; Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA., Kellman P; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA., Pierce I; Barts Heart Center, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, ECIA 7BE, UK.; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK., Moon JC; Barts Heart Center, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, London, ECIA 7BE, UK.; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK., Captur G; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK. gabriella.captur@ucl.ac.uk.; Department of Cardiology, Center for Inherited Heart Muscle Conditions, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK. gabriella.captur@ucl.ac.uk.; Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK. gabriella.captur@ucl.ac.uk.; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Consultant Cardiologist in Inherited Heart Muscle Conditions, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. gabriella.captur@ucl.ac.uk.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance [J Cardiovasc Magn Reson] 2023 Mar 20; Vol. 25 (1), pp. 19. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 20.
DOI: 10.1186/s12968-023-00926-z
Abstrakt: Introduction: A long T 2 relaxation time can reflect oedema, and myocardial inflammation when combined with increased plasma troponin levels. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) T 2 mapping therefore has potential to provide a key diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. However, T 2 varies by scanner, software, and sequence, highlighting the need for standardization and for a quality assurance system for T 2 mapping in CMR.
Aim: To fabricate and assess a phantom dedicated to the quality assurance of T 2 mapping in CMR.
Method: A T 2 mapping phantom was manufactured to contain 9 T 1 and T 2 (T 1 |T 2 ) tubes to mimic clinically relevant native and post-contrast T 2 in myocardium across the health to inflammation spectrum (i.e., 43-74 ms) and across both field strengths (1.5 and 3 T). We evaluated the phantom's structural integrity, B 0 and B 1 uniformity using field maps, and temperature dependence. Baseline reference T 1 |T 2 were measured using inversion recovery gradient echo and single-echo spin echo (SE) sequences respectively, both with long repetition times (10 s). Long-term reproducibility of T 1 |T 2 was determined by repeated T 1 |T 2 mapping of the phantom at baseline and at 12 months.
Results: The phantom embodies 9 internal agarose-containing T 1 |T 2 tubes doped with nickel di-chloride (NiCl 2 ) as the paramagnetic relaxation modifier to cover the clinically relevant spectrum of myocardial T 2 . The tubes are surrounded by an agarose-gel matrix which is doped with NiCl 2 and packed with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) beads. All tubes at both field strengths, showed measurement errors up to ≤ 7.2 ms [< 14.7%] for estimated T 2 by balanced steady-state free precession T 2 mapping compared to reference SE T 2 with the exception of the post-contrast tube of ultra-low T 1 where the deviance was up to 16 ms [40.0%]. At 12 months, the phantom remained free of air bubbles, susceptibility, and off-resonance artifacts. The inclusion of HDPE beads effectively flattened the B 0 and B 1 magnetic fields in the imaged slice. Independent temperature dependency experiments over the 13-38 °C range confirmed the greater stability of shorter vs longer T 1 |T 2 tubes. Excellent long-term (12-month) reproducibility of measured T 1 |T 2 was demonstrated across both field strengths (all coefficients of variation < 1.38%).
Conclusion: The T 2 mapping phantom demonstrates excellent structural integrity, B 0 and B 1 uniformity, and reproducibility of its internal tube T 1 |T 2 out to 1 year. This device may now be mass-produced to support the quality assurance of T 2 mapping in CMR.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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