New estimates of genome size in Orthoptera and their evolutionary implications.

Autor: Hawlitschek O; Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany., Sadílek D; Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Centre of Oncocytogenomics, General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic., Dey LS; Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany., Buchholz K; Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany.; Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway., Noori S; Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany.; Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany., Baez IL; Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany.; Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum Koenig, Bonn, Germany., Wehrt T; Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany., Brozio J; Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), München, Germany., Trávníček P; Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Průhonice, Czech Republic., Seidel M; Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Wien, Austria., Husemann M; Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Museum of Nature, Hamburg, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2023 Mar 15; Vol. 18 (3), pp. e0275551. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 15 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275551
Abstrakt: Animal genomes vary widely in size, and much of their architecture and content remains poorly understood. Even among related groups, such as orders of insects, genomes may vary in size by orders of magnitude-for reasons unknown. The largest known insect genomes were repeatedly found in Orthoptera, e.g., Podisma pedestris (1C = 16.93 pg), Stethophyma grossum (1C = 18.48 pg) and Bryodemella holdereri (1C = 18.64 pg). While all these species belong to the suborder of Caelifera, the ensiferan Deracantha onos (1C = 19.60 pg) was recently found to have the largest genome. Here, we present new genome size estimates of 50 further species of Ensifera (superfamilies Gryllidea, Tettigoniidea) and Caelifera (Acrididae, Tetrigidae) based on flow cytometric measurements. We found that Bryodemella tuberculata (Caelifera: Acrididae) has the so far largest measured genome of all insects with 1C = 21.96 pg (21.48 gBp). Species of Orthoptera with 2n = 16 and 2n = 22 chromosomes have significantly larger genomes than species with other chromosome counts. Gryllidea genomes vary between 1C = 0.95 and 2.88 pg, and Tetrigidae between 1C = 2.18 and 2.41, while the genomes of all other studied Orthoptera range in size from 1C = 1.37 to 21.96 pg. Reconstructing ancestral genome sizes based on a phylogenetic tree of mitochondrial genomic data, we found genome size values of >15.84 pg only for the nodes of Bryodemella holdereri / B. tuberculata and Chrysochraon dispar / Euthystira brachyptera. The predicted values of ancestral genome sizes are 6.19 pg for Orthoptera, 5.37 pg for Ensifera, and 7.28 pg for Caelifera. The reasons for the large genomes in Orthoptera remain largely unknown, but a duplication or polyploidization seems unlikely as chromosome numbers do not differ much. Sequence-based genomic studies may shed light on the underlying evolutionary mechanisms.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2023 Hawlitschek et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje