Maternal COVID-19 infection and associated factors: A cross-sectional study.

Autor: Lubeya MK; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Women and Newborn Hospital, University Teaching Hospitals, Lusaka, Zambia.; Young Emerging Scientists, Lusaka, Zambia., Kabwe JC; Young Emerging Scientists, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, National Heart Hospital, Chongwe, Zambia., Mukosha M; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Young Emerging Scientists, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, The University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia., Phiri SN; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; Women and Newborn Hospital, University Teaching Hospitals, Lusaka, Zambia., Phiri CC; Young Emerging Scientists, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Internal Medicine, Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia., Muyovwe M; Department of Internal Medicine, Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia., Price JT; University of North Carolina Global Projects - Zambia, LLC, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America., Jacobs C; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia., Kaonga P; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; Department of Bioethics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2023 Mar 15; Vol. 18 (3), pp. e0281435. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 15 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281435
Abstrakt: Background: Since the declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic, several studies have been conducted to examine associated factors. However, few studies have focused on pregnant women infected with COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with COVID-19 infection among pregnant women at the Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital and Women and Newborn Hospital of the University Teaching Hospitals in Lusaka, Zambia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between March and July 2021. Women were recruited as they presented for antenatal care. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire to capture variables of interest (socio-demographic, clinical and obstetric). COVID-19 diagnosis was made using a nasopharyngeal swab by PCR test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to control for confounding and calculate the odds ratios for each explanatory variable and respective 95% confidence intervals.
Results: The study enrolled 352 participants with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 30.1 years (5.6). One hundred thirty of 352 (36.9%; 95% CI: 31.9 to 42.2) participants had a confirmed positive SARS-CoV-2 test result. At univariable analysis, factors associated with COVID-19 were increased gestational age, education status and maternal HIV serostatus. Women with a secondary level of education were less likely to have COVID-19 infection than those with a primary level of education (AOR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.09-0.63). On the other hand, a one-week increase in gestational age was associated with higher odds of COVID-19 infection (AOR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.06).
Conclusion: The results showed that the prevalence of COVID-19 infection among pregnant women was 36.9% and was associated with increased gestational age and a lower level of education. To mitigate adverse maternal outcomes, there is a need to screen for COVID-19 strictly and broadly monitor prenatal women presenting for healthcare.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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