Target voice probability influences enhancement in auditory selective attention.

Autor: Daly HR; Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. daly.134@osu.edu., Pitt MA; Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Attention, perception & psychophysics [Atten Percept Psychophys] 2023 Apr; Vol. 85 (3), pp. 879-888. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 14.
DOI: 10.3758/s13414-023-02683-8
Abstrakt: Auditory selective attention is thought to consist of two mechanisms: an enhancement mechanism that boosts the target signal, and a suppression mechanism that attenuates concurrent distracting signals. The current study explored the conditions necessary to observe enhancement of predictable auditory objects. Participants heard scenes consisting of three voices and a distracting noise. They were asked to find the gender singleton (target) and report whether it was saying even or odd numbers. One of the voices appeared as the high-probability target (70%) across trials. We expected responses to be faster when the high-probability target was in the scene, and results from Experiment 1 supported that prediction. However, this target enhancement effect was substantially weakened when a distracting noise was also in the scene, suggesting that the distractor captured attention and interfered with enhancement. Experiment 2 tested the hypothesis that distractor predictability modulates target enhancement by varying the probability of the distractor. Although this hypothesis was not supported, the results of Experiment 1 were replicated. Findings support the existence of an easily disruptable enhancement mechanism that boosts the representation of highly probable target objects.
(© 2023. The Psychonomic Society, Inc.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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