| Autor: |
Schaefer LV; Neuromechanics Laboratory, Regulative Physiology and Prevention, Department Sports and Health Sciences, University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany., Carnarius F; Neuromechanics Laboratory, Regulative Physiology and Prevention, Department Sports and Health Sciences, University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany., Dech S; Neuromechanics Laboratory, Regulative Physiology and Prevention, Department Sports and Health Sciences, University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany., Bittmann FN; Neuromechanics Laboratory, Regulative Physiology and Prevention, Department Sports and Health Sciences, University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Frontiers in physiology [Front Physiol] 2023 Feb 22; Vol. 14, pp. 1020954. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 22 (Print Publication: 2023). |
| DOI: |
10.3389/fphys.2023.1020954 |
| Abstrakt: |
The Adaptive Force (AF) reflects the neuromuscular capacity to adapt to external loads during holding muscle actions and is similar to motions in real life and sports. The maximal isometric AF (AFiso max ) was considered to be the most relevant parameter and was assumed to have major importance regarding injury mechanisms and the development of musculoskeletal pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the behavior of different torque parameters over the course of 30 repeated maximal AF trials. In addition, maximal holding vs. maximal pushing isometric muscle actions were compared. A side consideration was the behavior of torques in the course of repeated AF actions when comparing strength and endurance athletes. The elbow flexors of n = 12 males (six strength/six endurance athletes, non-professionals) were measured 30 times (120 s rest) using a pneumatic device. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) was measured pre and post. MVIC, AFiso max , and AF max (maximal torque of one AF measurement) were evaluated regarding different considerations and statistical tests. AF max and AFiso max declined in the course of 30 trials [slope regression (mean ± standard deviation): AF max = -0.323 ± 0.263; AFiso max = -0.45 ± 0.45]. The decline from start to end amounted to -12.8% ± 8.3% ( p < 0.001) for AF max and -25.41% ± 26.40% ( p < 0.001) for AFiso max . AF parameters declined more in strength vs. endurance athletes. Thereby, strength athletes showed a rather stable decline for AF max and a plateau formation for AFiso max after 15 trials. In contrast, endurance athletes reduced their AF max , especially after the first five trials, and remained on a rather similar level for AFiso max . The maximum of AFiso max of all 30 trials amounted 67.67% ± 13.60% of MVIC ( p < 0.001, n = 12), supporting the hypothesis of two types of isometric muscle action (holding vs. pushing). The findings provided the first data on the behavior of torque parameters after repeated isometric-eccentric actions and revealed further insights into neuromuscular control strategies. Additionally, they highlight the importance of investigating AF parameters in athletes based on the different behaviors compared to MVIC. This is assumed to be especially relevant regarding injury mechanisms.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2023 Schaefer, Carnarius, Dech and Bittmann.) |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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