Prevalence and associated factors of recurrent pregnancy loss in Nigeria according to different national and international criteria (ASRM/ESHRE vs. WHO/RCOG).

Autor:	Eleje GU; Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria.; Institute of Maternal and Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Ituku-Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria., Ugwu EO; Institute of Maternal and Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Ituku-Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria., Igbodike EP; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria., Malachy DE; Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria., Nwankwo EU; Rural Community Clinical School, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Ugboaja JO; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria., Ikechebelu JI; Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria.; Institute of Maternal and Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Ituku-Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria., Nwagha UI; Institute of Maternal and Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Ituku-Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in reproductive health [Front Reprod Health] 2023 Feb 21; Vol. 5, pp. 1049711. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 21 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/frph.2023.1049711
Abstrakt:	Background: In low-and middle-income countries, no conclusive research explains the prevalence and associated factors of women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Some authorities have recommended further scientific research on the effect of various definitions of RPL. Objective: To assess prevalence and associated factors of RPL among pregnant women in Nigeria according to different national and international criteria: the American Society for Reproductive Medicine/ European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology (ASRM/ESHRE; two losses) and the World Health Organization/ Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (WHO/RCOG; three consecutive losses) criteria. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study wherein, pregnant women with prior RPL were investigated. The outcome measures were prevalence and risk factors. The associations between independent variables and outcome variable were explored using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models. The results of these analyses were reported as adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Factors associated with RPL were identified using multivariate regression models. Result: Of the 378 pregnant women interviewed, the overall prevalence of RPL in this study was found to be 15.34% (95% confidence interval = 11.65%-19.84%). The prevalence of RPL was 15.34% (58/378; 95%CI = 11.65%-19.84%) and 5.29% (20/378; 95%CI = 3.23%-8.17) according to the ASRM and the WHO criterion respectively. Regardless of diagnostic criteria, unexplained (AOR = 23.04; 95%CI: 11.46-36.32), endocrine disturbances (AOR = 9.76; 95%CI: 1.61-63.19), uterine abnormalities (AOR = 13.57; 95%CI: 3.54-50.60), and antiphospholipid syndrome (AOR = 24.59; 95%CI: 8.45-71.04) were positively and independently associated with RPL. No significant risk factors were seen when the ASRM/ ESHRE criterion vs. WHO/RCOG criterion were compared. Advanced maternal age was significantly higher in secondary than in primary type of RPL. Conclusion: The prevalence of RPL was 15.34% and 5.29% according to ASRM/ESHRE and WHO/RCOG criterion respectively, with secondary type predominating. No significant differences with regard to risk factors were seen according to diagnostic criteria studied, though advanced maternal age was significantly higher in secondary RPL. Further research is needed to confirm our findings and to better characterize the magnitude of differences. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (© 2023 Eleje, Ugwu, Igbodike, Malachy, Nwankwo, Ugboaja, Ikechebelu and Nwagha.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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