An insight into brown/beige adipose tissue whitening, a metabolic complication of obesity with the multifactorial origin.

Autor:	Ziqubu K; Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa., Dludla PV; Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa.; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa., Mthembu SXH; Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa.; Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa., Nkambule BB; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa., Mabhida SE; Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa., Jack BU; Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa., Nyambuya TM; Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia., Mazibuko-Mbeje SE; Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in endocrinology [Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)] 2023 Feb 16; Vol. 14, pp. 1114767. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 16 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fendo.2023.1114767
Abstrakt:	Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a thermoregulatory organ known to promote energy expenditure, has been extensively studied as a potential avenue to combat obesity. Although BAT is the opposite of white adipose tissue (WAT) which is responsible for energy storage, BAT shares thermogenic capacity with beige adipose tissue that emerges from WAT depots. This is unsurprising as both BAT and beige adipose tissue display a huge difference from WAT in terms of their secretory profile and physiological role. In obesity, the content of BAT and beige adipose tissue declines as these tissues acquire the WAT characteristics via the process called "whitening". This process has been rarely explored for its implication in obesity, whether it contributes to or exacerbates obesity. Emerging research has demonstrated that BAT/beige adipose tissue whitening is a sophisticated metabolic complication of obesity that is linked to multiple factors. The current review provides clarification on the influence of various factors such as diet, age, genetics, thermoneutrality, and chemical exposure on BAT/beige adipose tissue whitening. Moreover, the defects and mechanisms that underpin the whitening are described. Notably, the BAT/beige adipose tissue whitening can be marked by the accumulation of large unilocular lipid droplets, mitochondrial degeneration, and collapsed thermogenic capacity, by the virtue of mitochondrial dysfunction, devascularization, autophagy, and inflammation. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Ziqubu, Dludla, Mthembu, Nkambule, Mabhida, Jack, Nyambuya and Mazibuko-Mbeje.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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