Prevalence and risk factors of bovine tuberculosis in slaughtered cattle, Malawi.

Autor:	Kapalamula TF; Division of Bioresources, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan., Kawonga F; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi., Shawa M; Division of Infection and Immunity, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan., Chizimu J; Division of Bioresources, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan., Thapa J; Division of Bioresources, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan., Nyenje ME; Community Health Sciences Unit, National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Lilongwe, Malawi., Mkakosya RS; Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi., Hayashida K; Division of Collaboration and Education, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan., Gordon S; School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland., Nakajima C; Division of Bioresources, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.; Hokkaido University Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Sapporo, Japan., Munyeme M; School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia., Hang'ombe BM; School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia., Suzuki Y; Division of Bioresources, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.; Hokkaido University Institute for Vaccine Research and Development, Sapporo, Japan.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Heliyon [Heliyon] 2023 Feb 10; Vol. 9 (2), pp. e13647. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 10 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13647
Abstrakt:	Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an infectious disease with significant socioeconomic, animal, and public health impacts. However, the prevalence of bTB remains largely unclear in Malawi due to a paucity of information. Additionally, the existence of multiple risk factors is postulated to enhance bTB transmission in animals. A cross-sectional survey to estimate the prevalence of bTB, animal characteristics and identify associated risk factors was conducted from slaughtered cattle at three major regional abattoirs (southern, central and northern regions) in Malawi. Out of a total of 1547 cattle examined, 154 (9.95%) had bTB-like lesions in various visceral organs and lymph nodes; one sample per animal was collected, processed, and cultured in the in the BACTEC Mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) 960 system. From the 154 cattle that showed tuberculous like lesions, only 112 were positive on MGIT and 87 were confirmed to have M. bovis based on multiplex PCR. Cattle from the southern region (odds ratio (OR) = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.03-3.85) and central region (OR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.16-3.56) were more likely presented with bTB-like lesions at slaughter than from the northern region. The risk of having bTB-like lesions was higher in females (OR = 1.51, CI: 1.00-2.29), older cattle (OR = 2.17, CI: 1.34-3.37), and crossbreeds (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.12-2.47) than in males, younger animals, and Malawi Zebu breed, respectively. The high prevalence of bTB is of critical concern and necessitates active surveillance and strengthening of the current control strategies under a One Health (OH) approach at the animal-human interface. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests. (© 2023 The Authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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