Genetic background to attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder symptoms at the age of 5 years: the role of sleep duration.

Autor:	Morales-Muñoz I; Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.; Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK., Paavonen EJ; Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.; Pediatric Research Center, Child Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland., Kantojärvi K; Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.; Department of Psychiatry and SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland., Härkänen T; Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland., Saarenpää-Heikkilä O; Pediatric Clinics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland., Kylliäinen A; Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland., Himanen SL; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.; Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland., Paunio T; Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.; Department of Psychiatry and SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Sleep [Sleep] 2023 Jul 11; Vol. 46 (7).
DOI:	10.1093/sleep/zsad047
Abstrakt:	Study Objectives: We studied the associations between polygenic risk score (PRS) for attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and (1) ADHD symptoms in 5-year-old children, (2) sleep duration throughout childhood, and (3) the interaction between PRS for ADHD and short sleep duration relative to ADHD symptoms at 5 years. Methods: This study is based on the population-based CHILD-SLEEP birth cohort (N = 1420 children). PRS was used to quantitate the genetic risk for ADHD. Parent-reported ADHD symptoms at 5 years were obtained from 714 children, using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Five-to-Fifteen (FTF). Our primary outcomes were SDQ-hyperactivity and FTF-ADHD total scores. Parent-reported sleep duration was measured at 3, 8, 18, 24 months, and 5 years in the whole sample and actigraphy-based sleep duration at 2 and 24 months in a subsample. Results: PRS for ADHD associated with SDQ-hyperactivity (β = 0.214, p = .012) and FTF-ADHD total (β = 0.639, p = .011), and FTF-inattention and hyperactivity subscale scores (β = 0.315, p = .017 and β = 0.324, p = .030), but not with sleep duration at any time point. Significant interactions were found between high PRS for ADHD and parent-reported short sleep throughout childhood in FTF-ADHD total score (F = 4.28, p = .039) and FTF-inattention subscale (F = 4.66, p = .031). We did not find any significant interaction between high PRS for ADHD and actigraphy-based short sleep. Conclusions: Parent-reported short sleep moderates the association between genetic risk of ADHD and ADHD symptoms in early childhood in the general population, so that children with short sleep, in combination with high genetic risk for ADHD, could be at highest risk for ADHD symptoms. (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Sleep Research Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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