Retrospective Insights of the COVID-19 Epidemic in the Major Latin American City, São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil.

Autor: Assato PA; School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, Brazil., Clemente LG; Centro de Genômica Funcional da ESALQ, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil., Giovanetti M; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.; Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, University of Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy., Ribeiro G; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil., Lima ARJ; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil., Palmieri M; Health Surveillance Coordination, Sao Paulo Municipal Health Department-Coordenadoria de Vigilância em Saúde-Secretaria Municipal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05579-000, Brazil., de Moraes LN; School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, Brazil., Kashima S; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, Brazil., Fukumasu H; Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil., Nogueira ML; Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, Brazil., Alcantara LCJ; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil., Nicolodelli AL; Primary Care Coordination/Sao Paulo Municipal Health Department-Coordenadoria de Atenção Básica-Secretaria Municipal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05579-000, Brazil., Martins AJ; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil., Petry B; Centro de Genômica Funcional da ESALQ, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil., Banho CA; Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, Brazil., Dos Santos Barros CR; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil., Moncau-Gadbem CT; Centro de Genômica Funcional da ESALQ, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil., Moretti DB; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil., De La Roque DGL; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, Brazil., Marqueze EC; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil., Mattos EC; Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil., Silva FEVD; Primary Care Coordination/Sao Paulo Municipal Health Department-Coordenadoria de Atenção Básica-Secretaria Municipal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05579-000, Brazil., Da Costa FADS; School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, Brazil., Cacherik G; Primary Care Coordination/Sao Paulo Municipal Health Department-Coordenadoria de Atenção Básica-Secretaria Municipal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05579-000, Brazil., De Souza Todao Bernardino J; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil., Lesbon JCC; Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil., Sacchetto L; Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, Brazil., De Lima LPO; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil., Caldeira LAV; Health Surveillance Coordination, Sao Paulo Municipal Health Department-Coordenadoria de Vigilância em Saúde-Secretaria Municipal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05579-000, Brazil., Martininghi M; Health Surveillance Coordination, Sao Paulo Municipal Health Department-Coordenadoria de Vigilância em Saúde-Secretaria Municipal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05579-000, Brazil., Moraes MM; Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, Brazil., Poleti MD; Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil., Cattony Neto PQ; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil., Cassano RLRC; Centro de Genômica Funcional da ESALQ, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil., Brassaloti RA; Centro de Genômica Funcional da ESALQ, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil., Slavov SN; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, Brazil., Viala VL; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil., Coutinho LL; Centro de Genômica Funcional da ESALQ, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil., Grotto RMT; School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, Brazil.; Genomic Surveillance Network, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo 01049-010, Brazil., Neto RM; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil., Covas DT; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil.; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, Brazil., Sampaio SC; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil., Elias MC; Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05508-040, Brazil., Souza-Neto JA; School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, Brazil.; Genomic Surveillance Network, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo 01049-010, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Viruses [Viruses] 2023 Jan 24; Vol. 15 (2). Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 24.
DOI: 10.3390/v15020327
Abstrakt: São Paulo is the financial center of Brazil, with a population of over 12 million, that receives travelers from all over the world for business and tourism. It was the first city in Brazil to report a case of COVID-19 that rapidly spread across the city despite the implementation of the restriction measures. Despite many reports, much is still unknown regarding the genomic diversity and transmission dynamics of this virus in the city of São Paulo. Thus, in this study, we provide a retrospective overview of the COVID-19 epidemic in São Paulo City, Southeastern, Brazil, by generating a total of 9995 near-complete genome sequences from all the city's different macro-regions (North, West, Central, East, South, and Southeast). Our analysis revealed that multiple independent introduction events of different variants (mainly Gamma, Delta, and Omicron) occurred throughout time. Additionally, our estimates of viral movement within the different macro-regions further suggested that the East and the Southeast regions were the largest contributors to the Gamma and Delta viral exchanges to other regions. Meanwhile, the North region had a higher contribution to the dispersion of the Omicron variant. Together, our results reinforce the importance of increasing SARS-CoV-2 genomic monitoring within the city and the country to track the real-time evolution of the virus and to detect earlier any eventual emergency of new variants of concern that could undermine the fight against COVID-19 in Brazil and worldwide.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje