Soil management affects carbon and nitrogen concentrations and stable isotope ratios in vine products.

Autor: Spangenberg JE; Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics (IDYST), University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Jorge.Spangenberg@unil.ch., Zufferey V; Research Center of Viticulture, Agroscope, CH-1009 Pully, Switzerland.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2023 May 15; Vol. 873, pp. 162410. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 24.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162410
Abstrakt: Weeds reduce vineyard productivity and affect grape quality by competing with grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) for water and nutrients. The increased banning of herbicides has prompted the evaluation of alternative soil management strategies. Cover cropping seems to be the best alternative for weed management. However, it may impact vine growth, grape yield, and quality. Quantitative studies on these changes are scarce. Our study aimed to investigate the combined effect of grass cover and water availability on vines of three cultivars, the white Chasselas and Petite Arvine and the red Pinot noir field-grown under identical climatic and pedological conditions and grafted onto the same rootstock. Soil management and irrigation experiments were performed during the 2020-2021 seasons. Two extreme soil management practices were established in the vineyard, based on 100 % bare soil (BS) by the application of herbicides with glufosinate or glyphosate as active ingredients and 100 % grass-covered soil (GS) by cover cropping with a mixture of plant species. Two water statuses were imposed by drip irrigation (DI) and no irrigation (NI). The level of vine-weed competition for water and nitrogen (N) was assessed in the vine, must, and wine solid residues (WSRs) by comparing measurements, i.e., the yeast assimilable N content, C/N WSR , carbon and N isotope ratios (δ 13 C grape-sugars , δ 13 C WSR , and δ 15 N WSR ) among the different treatments (BS-DI, BS-NI, GS-DI, GS-NI). The increase in the δ 13 C grape-sugars and δ 13 C WSR values with increasing plant water deficit mimicked the observations in irrigation experiments on BS. The N WSR content and δ 15 N WSR values decreased with water stress and much more strongly in vines on GS. The dramatic N deficit in rainfed vines on GS could be alleviated with irrigation. The present study provides insights from chemical and stable isotope analyses into the potential impact of cover cropping in vineyards in the context of the banning of herbicides in a time of global water scarcity due to climate change.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interest or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the study reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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