| Autor: |
Choi S; GKT School of Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK., Ismail A; GKT School of Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK., Pappas-Gogos G; Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 6th Kilometer, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece., Boussios S; Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Kent, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK.; Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK.; Kent Medway Medical School, University of Kent, Kent, Canterbury CT2 7LX, UK.; AELIA Organization, 9th Km Thessaloniki-Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece. |
| Abstrakt: |
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in females worldwide, and a leading cause of death in the United Kingdom (UK). The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the strongest risk factor for developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer. Across the UK, the national HPV immunisation programme, introduced in 2008, has been successful in protecting against HPV-related infections. Furthermore, the National Health Service (NHS) implemented the cytology-based cervical cancer screening service to all females aged 25 to 64, which has observed a decline in cervical cancer incidence. In the UK, there has been an overall decline in age-appropriate coverage since April 2010. In 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted NHS cancer screening and immunisation programmes, leading to a 6.8% decreased uptake of cervical cancer screening from the previous year. Engagement with screening has also been associated with social deprivation. In England, incidence rates of cervical cancer were reported to be 65% higher in the most deprived areas compared to the least, with lifestyle factors such as cigarette consumption contributing to 21% of cervical cancer cases. In this article, we provide an update on the epidemiology of cervical cancer, and HPV pathogenesis and transmission, along with the current prevention programmes within the NHS. |
