| Autor: |
Soleman DM; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo P.O. Box 41611, Egypt., Eldahshan OA; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.; Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt., Ibrahim MH; Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11651, Egypt., Ogaly HA; Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt., Galal HM; Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt., Batiha GE; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt., Elkousy RH; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11651, Egypt. |
| Abstrakt: |
Annona glabra Linn is employed in conventional medicine to treat a number of human disorders, including cancer and viruses. In the present investigation, the significant phytochemical components of Annona glabra hexane extract were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Three major compounds were identified in the hexane extract: tritriacontane (30.23%), 13, 17-dimethyl-tritriacontane (22.44%), and limonene (18.97%). MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of the extract on six human cancer cell lines including liver (HepG-2), pancreas (PANC-1), lung (A-549), breast (MCF-7, HTB-22), prostate (PC-3), and colon (CACO-2, ATB-37). The extract exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against both CACO-2 and A-549 cancer cell lines (IC 50 = 47 ± 0.74 μg/mL and 56.82 ± 0.92 μg/mL) in comparison with doxorubicin (IC 50 = 31.91 ± 0.81 μg/mL and 23.39 ± 0.43 μg/mL) and of SI of 3.8 and 3.1, respectively. It also induced moderate-to-weak activities against the other cancerous cell lines: PC-3, PANC-1, MCF-7, and HepG-2 (IC 50 = 81.86 ± 3.26, 57.34 ± 0.77, 80.31 ± 4.13, and 57.01 ± 0.85 μg/mL) in comparison to doxorubicin (IC 50 = 32.9 ± 1.74, 19.07 ± 0.2, 15.48 ± 0.84 and 5.4 ± 0.22 μg/mL, respectively) and SI of 2.2, 3.1, 2.2, and 3.1, respectively. In vitro anti-HSV1 (Herpes simplex 1 virus) and HAV (Hepatitis A virus) activity was evaluated using MTT colorimetric assay with three different protocols to test protective, anti-replicative, and anti-infective antiviral activities, and three separate replications of each experiment were conducted. The plant extract showed promising protective and virucidal activity against HSV1 with no significant difference with acyclovir (79.55 ± 1.67 vs. 68.44 ± 7.62 and 70.91 ± 7.02 vs. 83.76 ± 5.67), while it showed mild protective antiviral activity against HAV (48.08 ±3.46) with no significant difference vs. acyclovir (36.89 ± 6.61). The selected main compounds were examined for their bioactivity through in silico molecular docking, which exhibited that limonene could possess the strongest antiviral properties. These findings support Annona glabra's conventional use, which is an effective source of antiviral and anticancer substances that could be used in pharmaceuticals. |
